The capability of control elements to manage the reactor operation does not merely relay on their negative reactivity worth, but also the speed required to shutdown the reactor when operation state leads to an accident condition. The response speed of control elements is characterized by delay time which...

Hemodialysis is one of the medical treatment methods for the patients with end stage renal disease. It is conducted through the use of artificial kidney, located outside of the human body. During the hemodialysis therapy, small air bubbles may infiltrate the blood tubing and coalesce to perform the larger...

Accurate determination of the protons energy in radiotherapy planning can be achieved if the stopping power of protons to specific body tissue are known. The Bethe-Bloch equation greatly aid the understanding of how to calculate the stopping power from the physics point of view, but not so practical...