Advances in Physics Research

Characterization of organic solar cells based organic material and polymer using natural chlorophyll and P3HT have been investigated using current-voltage (I-V) Keithley 2602 instrument. Chlorophyll is extracted from Spirulina sp by column chromatography method. It is found that the absorbance spectra...

The rapid development of industry causes more and more waste to be produced and can lead to pollution. One of those is the pollution of the leather tanning industry in Sukaregang, Garut, West Java. Tannery waste is disposed of directly into the river area. Seepage of waste below the surface from river...

Reservoir temperature is a key parameter for genesis analysis, potential evaluation and research of waterrock interactions of geothermal systems. It is necessary to identify the suitable geothermometer for a certain geothermal field for better characterization of the geo-temperature field. In this paper...

Compressive strength is one of the important mechanical properties of conerete, and the indicator of compressive strength of manufactured sand concrete is more important to be promoted. This paper presents the results of the compressive strength tests on concrete specimens using the manufactured sand,...

Welding process is generally used in manufacturing industry. It usually produces distortions in the weld metal. To reduce distortion, one of the methods used is the pre-strain. This study aims to determine the effect of pre-strain during welding process on the residual strain of dissmilar metal weld...

Influences of curing period and dry density on Moisture content and compressive strength were investigated through eight different densities of foamed concrete be in 650 kg/m³ to 850 kg/m³. The research results show that foam concrete in same age stages with increasing dry density, compressive strength...

A calorimeter is an instrument used to measure the amount of heat transferred to or from an object. The calorimeter used in schools is analog. The data obtained is less accurate, and students have difficulty interpreting the data. This research aims to create a simple digital calorimeter practicum tool...

This paper aims at the problems and countermeasures of cathodic protection acceptance of the Yili River crossing project by horizontal directional drilling (HDD) method, addressing the performability of the acceptance criteria using polarization potential offset of not less than 0.7V required by the...

We consider the following resource allocation problem on a directed acyclic graph (the precedence graph). Suppose we have a given X units of a resource that must be distributed among N activities with some of given return functions ri(x). The problem is to allocate all of the X units of resource to the...

In this paper, uncertainties in estimating anthropogenic aerosol indirect effects on warm clouds are explored using the recently developed Grid point Atmospheric Model (GAMIL) with prescribed aerosol fields. The anthropogenic aerosol indirect effect is calculated by the change in shortwave cloud forcing...

Synthesizing of indium oxide (In2O3) nano particles using sol-gel process as an active sensing material of gas sensor has been carried out. As starting material, indium acetate/In(CH3COO)3 was dissolved in diethylene glycol and heated up at 1300C until homogeneity is achieved. Nitric acid (HNO3) was...

Land Subsidence is a phenomenon of subsidence of the land surface compared to the reference point. This phenomenon can be caused by natural factors, groundwater extraction, and building factors. Geoelectrical method was used to analyze the subsurface conditions in Curugpanjang consisting of four lines....

DNA of Sharaia bambuiscola was extracted by the improved method of CTAB. The several key factors affecting the effect of DNA digestion and the PCR selective amplification such as the time of DNA digestion, the times of the per-amplified dilute products, the mount of the selective amplification primer,...

Benzothiazole derivative (BD): [N-(3-(benzothiazol- 2-yl) phenyl)-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide] was tested for excretion of total sterols of high-fat diet fed C57BL/6J mice in view of lipid metabolism. The results showed that BD as supplementation of high-fat diet significantly improved the output of cholesterol...

This present research develops an android-based learning design to increase interest in learning music. Technology that has penetrated education can be used as an alternative to achieve learning goals. Music, as one of the lessons taught in school, can help students to increase their creativity. However,...

Roads are often used to travel from one place to another. To shorten the trip, it is usually done via the shortest route. Choosing the shortest route cannot be separated from the risks that can occur, such as accidents. Risk management serves to minimize this from happening. Analysis of the feasibility...

Classification is a machine learning technique that used widely for various applications. One of the classification algorithm is FNGLVQ that can be used to solve several types of classification problem in previous research. On the other side, Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is an instrument currently...

TiO2 nanotube arrays formed by anodic oxidation on titanium surface can effectively promote osteoblast’ migration, proliferation and other biological behavior, and it has potentials of loading drugs and biological agents. In this study, TiO2 nanotube arrays with different diameters were prepared by anodic...

The conjugated polymers TEB1 and TEB2 were synthesized by Wittig and Wittig-Horner reaction, and the conjugated polymer nanoparticles CPNs1 and CPNs2 were prepared by reprecipitation method with TEB1 and TEB2, respectively. Moreover, the morphology and fluorescence of CPNs were investigated. The synthetic...

Phosphorus in nature is very important both in water and in soil. The form of the compound phosphate has become an important study in agriculture and the environment. Potentiometry is a recommended effective method to measure or monitor ion phosphate’s concentration in nature compared to the spectrometric...

Peptide size control is important for obtaining desirable functional properties so that these peptides can be better utilized. Proteolytic enzyme modification of soy protein isolates (SPI) is an effective way to fractionate these proteins into peptides with controlled molecular size. SPI was partial...

Heart disease is the number one cause of death in the world according WHO data. One of the mayor cause is the lack of cardiologists. One of the proposed solution is tele-electrocardiograph (Tele-ECG) system. However, the sizeof ECG data recorded from patient is not small. Therefore, it must be compressed...

Endog-endogan and engklek are traditional games used in Sundanese ethnomathematics learning. This game has many mathematics and physics ideas for elementary school teacher education students to explore and apply in lectures and science. This research goal is to discover the ideas of mathematics and students’...

Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) has always known a versatile, aromatic herb and addition to being used as a food flavoring is also known medicinally for its powerful antioxidant activity, antibacterial and hepatoprotective properties. In this study we examined the effects of rosemary iextract on...

The experimental investigation of diffusion bonding of magnesium alloy (AZ31B) to Cu in vacuum was carried out by using Sn foil as transition metal. The microstructure of the welded joints was studied by SEM, EDS, XRD and the mechanical properties of the samples were tested by tensile experiments. The...

The effect of magnetic fields on the swelling of liquid crystal elastomers (LCE) dissolved in liquid crystal (LC) solvent have been studied. The Flory-Huggins model used to calculate the free energy of an isotropic mixing and the Maier-Saupe model used to calculate the free energy of a nematic mixing....

The purpose of this study is to create a conceptual framework for the ethno-inquiry learning model and determine its validity in supporting pre-service science teachers’ critical thinking ability. The conceptual framework is constructed on an in-depth study of theoretical and empirical studies, information...

L-type Ca2+ channels (LTCCs) are the main mediators of Ca2+ influx. LTCCs are multi-subunit complexes, of which CaV1.2 subunit forms the channel pore for Ca2+ movement. Ca2+ influx through LTCC CaV1.2 is a proximal signal for pathological cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. However, very little is known regarding...

A simple and low-temperature method was utilized to attach nanostructured ZnO to the surface of porous activated carbon (AC). The phase structure and surface morphology of the as-prepared sample were characterized. XRD analysis confirmed patterns for the wurtzite hexagonal phase of ZnO and AC from the...

Fertilizer is becoming a big subject among small farmers. Due to a lack of fertilizers, small-scale farmers have been obliged to purchase both subsidized and unsubsidized fertilizers. This issue has effects on farmers’ decisions to purchase fertilizers that are subsidized or not. This study intends to...

The inhibiting factors for plant and fish growth in aquaponics systems are farmers who never control and monitor the quality of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) levels and the degree of acidity/Power of Hydrogen (pH) of water properly. Uncontrolled and monitoring of the quality of pH and DO in water properly and...

In order to investigate the effect of cryogenic treatment (CT) on film-substrate bonding strength, 2µm thick DLC film was deposited on quenched W9 high-speed steel by unbalanced magnetron sputtering technique followed by CT at -196 for 30 hours. Samples before and after CT were characterized respectively...

S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) is a nitrosylating agent which mediates the posttranslational process of Snitrosylation on proteins resulting in modulation of their activity. GSNOR (S-Nitrosoglutathione reductase) is an enzyme related to GSNO degration, which has been used extensively in controlling S-nitrosylation...

Three types of saccharides including glucose, fructose and starch were used as the carbon precursors to synthesize carbon microspheres (CMSs) through hydrothermal process and subsequently pyrolysis, with emphasis on investigating the effect of the types of saccharides on the particle size and morphology...

This paper has studied the influence of different initiation of flocculants synthesis, the effect of flocculant products based on solid content and characteristic viscosity indicators to the performance on different types of polyacrylamide products, and then chose the best one as the research object....

The price of cooking oil in Jember Regency, has continued to fluctuate over the past few months. These changes in cooking oil prices certainly have implications for the decline in people’s purchasing power and the producer’s selling power. Prices at the producer level must be properly transmitted to...

This study aims to develop physics learning tools of an inquiry-creative-process (ICP) model integrated with ethnoscience and to find its validity in training prospective teachers’ critical thinking skills. This study’s learning tools developed and tested for validity comprise lesson plans (RPS) and...

Down pushed flow anaerobic reactor (DPAR) was adopted in the paper to reveal the yielding gas process by taking swine manure as the material under different volume organic loading (3.11, 4.44, 5.78 gTS.L-1.d-1) and to detect the optimal volume organic loading for semi-dry fermentation of swine manure....

In order to investigate the strengthening mechanism of modified polypropylene fiber reinforcement cement stabilized soil (MPFRCSS), the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) was used to test the performance of soil with different fiber contents, different cement contents, and different maintaining conditions....

Spent coffee grounds contained 45% carbohydrate, 26% lignin, 13% lipid, and 13% protein. To improve the value of spent coffee grounds in a sustainable way, a study was done on how to convert carbohydrates into fermentable sugars which could be used to make value-added products. To accomplish this, a...

Bacterial contamination is one of the most concern for food safety control in supply chain of fresh vegetables. The bacterial residual is available to be used for expression of the potential risk. Select Escherichia coli 1.1187 as a target to simulate bacterial contamination associated with lettuce....

Biochar is a carbon-rich material that has various functions in improving soil properties. This research aimed to determine the characteristics of improvement in soil chemical properties and soybean plant growth by adding biochar from various biomass sources. The design used was a factorial complete...

The fly ash-based geopolymer concrete (FAGC) were prepared by using fly ash as the main binder. The influences of curing conditions on mechanical properties and permeability were investigated by compressive test, flexural test and permeability test. The results indicate that elevated temperature curing...

The conceptual change model by Posner et al. states that students must be dissatisfied with the old conceptions, and the substitute conceptions must be intelligent, plausible, and fruitful to ensure the conceptual change. The previous study has obtained students’ misconceptions about the Lunar Phase...

The market of Chongqing flue-cured tobacco always lacks a relatively perfect evaluation of its quality objective system. In order to solve the mentioned problem, this paper will carry on the appraisal to the chemical of flue-cured tobacco and availability. There are nine main tobacco-producing districts...

Eel (Anguilla marmorata (Q.) Gaimard) oil consists of unsaturated fatty acids such as Omega-3 and Omega-6, which quickly oxidize to become rancid under the influence of oxygen be inhibited by microencapsulation by the spray drying method. This study was designed to identify the microcapsule characteristics...

In this paper, Fe73Cr18Ni9 composite oxide nano-powder was prepared by chemical co-precipitation method taking FeSO4•7H2O, CrCl3•6H2O, NiSO4•6H2O and NaOH as raw materials. Its particle size was about 50nm. Then Fe73Cr18Ni9 alloy powder was obtained by hydrogen co-reduction process taking advantage of...

Actinomycetes are Gram-positive bacteria that could produce antibacterial compounds, and it is able to survive in high temperatures environment such as hot springs. In this study, Actinomycetes were isolated from Bora hot springs before, characterized, and determined their potential in – other antibacterial...

Digital teaching resources are an alternative to traditional textbooks in the “digitalization 4.0” era. The student worksheet is one of the digital instructional resources that can be generated. Along with using digital teaching tools, the selection and implementation of learning models are equally important...

This study aims to determine the effect of increasing the value of carbohydrate, protein, fat, and calories content in artificial feed added with fish oil and to find out the best composition of the addition of fish oil in artificial feed that provides optimal protein levels for the growth of laying...

The rapid chloride penetrating test of ordinary Portland concrete (OPC), glass fiber reinforced concrete (GFRC) and basalt fiber reinforced concrete (BFRC) were carried out under the environment of carbonation. This study investigates the differences of carbonization depth, porosity and permeability...

Endophytic microbes are microbes that during their entire life cycle are in plant tissues. Actinomycetes is one of the endophytic microbes that produce secondary metabolites and can be found in the roots of onions. This study aimed to isolate, characterize and determine the growth rate of endophytic...

Controlling the microstructure in the final product is significant to metal hot forming at either macroscale or microscale. The microstructure evolution during the hot forming must be fundamentally understood in order to control the microstructure. Elevated temperature contributes to minimize the size-effects...

Food security is a system consisting of three sub-systems, namely availability, distribution and consumption. The participation of horticultural farmers in efforts to support food security is needed to achieve food self-sufficiency. The purpose of the research is to analyze; (1) gender conditions and...

This report describes the Skills literacy environment of student candidate teacher chemical in Faculty MIPA at University Hamzanwadi. Skills consist of competence environment, knowledge environment, and attitude to the environment. Data were collected by surveying semester 4 and 6 students. From the...

Heavy metals are detrimental to living organisms and ecosystems because they are non-biodegradable and accumulate in the environment and food chain. The research objective was to determine the maximum contact time, pH, and the isothermal adsorption model for the adsorption of Ni2+ ions by the chitosan...

Non-autoclaved fly ash lightweight wall block with industrial waste fly ash as main raw material enhance the activity of fly ash by mechanical activation at the normal temperature and pressure, and through adding activator sodium silicate, gypsum, sodium sulfate for chemical activation. Experiments show...

Through the simulation of lubrication condition, the solution of the nonlinear oil film force of the three-lobe journal bearing with Difference Method and the solution of the axis equilibrium position of the three-lobe journal bearing based on Secant Method, we obtained that installation angle of the...

Digital technology cannot be separated from education as it can support teaching and learning activities. Therefore, pre-service teachers must have digital literacy. This study aimed to determine and analyze the digital literacy of undergraduates involved in the program MBKM as teaching assistants at...

Microencapsulation technology has been used in a variety of fields including materials such as buildings, walls, industrial, medicine, and cosmetics. One of the most active research on microencapsulation is microstructure formation. Important properties of microcapsules such as releasing rate of active...

Rice products come from paddy cultivated by farmers. Farmers as upstream actors in rice agribusiness obtain lower exchange rates than paddy and rice traders. This condition reflects the low purchasing power of farmers from paddy farming for the products consumed (e.g., rice). This study aims to (1) determine...

This paper reinforced jacking construction method, which used reinforced concrete sewer pipes to conduct the external pressure load test, and the cracking load and the failure load of reinforced concrete sewer pipes were tested, and its local and overall deformation under different load levels. At the...

Information and communication technology (ICT) is very important in 21st-century education because it can improve students’ understanding. The purpose of this study was to describe the perception of chemistry teachers at SMA Negeri Pontianak about the use of ICT in learning. The research method used...

Diabetes mellitus is thought to play a role in increasing free radicals, de-creasing antioxidants and triggering oxidative stress, and causing damage to GLUT 2. GLUT 2 on the pancreatic cell membrane is responsible for the transport of blood sugar in mice which will stimulate insulin secretion. Dandang...

In this investigation, the high cycle fatigue life of 7075-T651 aluminum sheets under different stress levels were tested, and S-N curves were obtained by fitting the test data. For the problem that the traditional S-N curve fitting methods without considering the effect of fatigue limit on the S-N curve...

Flexoelectricity is referred as an instantaneous polarization of dielectrics in response to non-uniform strains or strain gradients. Due to the fact that strain gradients are inversely proportional to the feature size of structures, the flexoelectricity is believed to be significant at the nano-scale....

Continuous cement manufacturing has increased the percentage of CO2 emitted into the air, thereby increasing the problem of global warming and its damaging effects on the environment. Therefore, adopting a more sustainable strategy to replace conventional concrete has become essential. Geopolymer concrete...

Kaolin is a clay mineral composed of silica tetrahedral and octahedral alumina layers, which have high absorption capacity and are abundant in nature. This study aims at determining the optimum temperature of kaolin calcination and the effect of variations in pH, stirring time, kaolin mass, and stirring...

In order to study the effects of sectional warping to bend-twist coupling characteristics for box spar of wind turbine blade, section stiffness of different regions are calculated with weather considering warping effect or not, the results show that warping effects differently in different part of the...

Applying the concept of colligative properties of solutions is closely related to everyday life and science development, so the REACT strategy can be applied in learning. This research aims to develop a valid flipbook for learning the colligative properties of solutions that relate the concepts and their...

The experiment researched the influence of mineral salt to pavement rubber aggregate and the interface shear strength of cement matrix, which also discussed the mechanism of action about mineral salt interface modifier .Research showed: mineral salt has a big effect on the compressive strength of rubber...

Teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) is a medicinal plant that has been traditionally used by people around the forest as medicine. Teak leaves contain antibacterial compounds. This study aims to find out what compounds are contained in teak leaves extract and test antibacterial activity against E. coli bacteria....

An innovative sensor containing A36 carbon steel was explored for corrosion monitoring. After being soaked in an aerated 0.2 M NaCl solution, the sensor’s normalized electrical resistance (R/R0) decreased continuously with the extent of corrosion from 1 to 0.64. Meanwhile, the sensor’s normalized capacitance...

The melting and crystallization behaviors of poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/polypropylene (PP) and PLA/PP/PP-graft-maleic anhydride (PP-g-MAH) blends were investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarized light microscopy (PLM). The results showed that the pure PLA and the PLA in...

Dihydroxy stearate acid (DHSA) is a compound used as an emulsifier and additive in cosmetic formulations. This study aims to separate the unsaturated fatty acids of nyamplung oil, synthesis DHSA, Characterization of unsaturated fatty acids and DHSA compounds. The separation of unsaturated fatty acids...

Hydroxyapatite, abbreviated as HAP (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2), is the main component in bone structure which is osteoconductive. The HAP either synthetic or natural source, is widely used in biomedicine especially orthopedics or dental repair. In this study, HAP was synthesized using calcium and phosphate. Calcium...

Nanocrystalline bismuth tungstat with good visible light response has been synthesized using Pluronic P123 triblock copolymer as surfactant. The prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, UV-visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and BET surface area analysis. The activity...

Macroporous chloromethyl polystyrene resin (MCPR) was modified by (2, 3, 4-) amino pyridine. Then Rhodium ( ) octanoate dimer (ROD) was recovered by the amino pyridine-modified resin. The adsorption and elution of ROD on the modified resin were investigated. The results showed 2-amino pyridine modified...

This research aim is to detect the change point year of annual maximum daily rainfall at eight rainfall stations in the Mamminasata region for the period 1989 to 2020. The Mamminasata region covers Makassar City, Maros District, Sungguminasa/Gowa District, and Takalar District. Research data were obtained...

Polyols are intermediate compounds used as raw materials to produce highly valuable industrial materials. Generally, the raw materials for synthesizing polyols are petroleum-based, non-biodegradable fossil fuels. In this study, the raw material used is oil from Ricinus communis L. (Local name: jarak...

Silica submicron rods were conveniently synthesized through a simple sol-gel method at room temperature. The SEM images demonstrated that the obtained silica submicron rods had high purity and uniform diameter of about 380-400 nm. The XRD results showed the obtained silica submicron rods were amorphous....

The Gender Inequality Index (GII) is an index that describes the failure of human development achievement due to the inequality of gender that is measured by several aspects such as health, empowerment, and labor market access. The Geographically Weighted Panel Regression (GWPR) is a developed model...

This paper introduced the capability and characteristic of micro-printer, and method of single chip microcomputer connecting with micro-printer. It’s important to illuminates the ideas and concrete steps to achieve how micro-printer is controlled to print special character by single chip microcomputer....

Learning has been carried out flexibly, meaning that if the Covid-19 condition increases, the learning will be carried out online. If the Covid-19 conditions decrease, the learning will be carried out offline again. This study aims to determine the differences in conceptual understanding of students...

In order to obtain suitable phase change materials and phase transition temperature, a series of organic composite phase change materials were prepared with decanoic acid (CA), louric acid(LA), myristic acid (MA), palmitic acid (PA), stearic acid (SA) and 1-dodecanol (DE), tetradecanol (TD) as raw materials....

An earthquake is a shaking incident of the earth due to the movement or shift of rocks in the lithospheric part. This occurs suddenly due to the movement of tectonic plates. Central Sulawesi is an area of Sulawesi Island that has a high level of seismicity. This is because Sulawesi Island has many active...

In order to improve quality, safety and dependability, researches on the mechanical characteristics of the aluminum honeycomb sandwich panel have been given more prominence. In the present study, an equivalent laminated model with three layers is presented to simulate the behavior of the aluminum honeycomb...

Public health development indicators are a health indicator set that can describe health problems. The health indicators set can, directly and indirectly, increase longevity and healthy life expectancy. Central Sulawesi was listed as the sixth province in Indonesia with the lowest public health development...

Monolayer SiO2 films with various dimethyl formamide (DMF) concentrations were prepared on BK7 glass by the sol–gel method. The refractive index and physical thickness of the SiO2 films were calculated using the transmission spectra of the samples. Laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) results showed...

Methyl phenol cyclic silicone (MPCS) and methyl phenyl diethoxy silane (MPDS) are important materials for production of addition-cured liquid silicone rubber. The one step Grignard method was used to synthesize MPDS and the orthogonal test method was applied to optimize the process. The maximum MPDS...

Many potential medicines have been discovered from marine natural products (MNPs). It indicates that marine compounds are essential sources in drug development and discovery. Although many marine compounds show particular biological activity, few are recorded as antibacterial compounds. Therefore, finding...

Methylphenylvinyl raw rubber (MPVRR) is one of the important materials for preparation of phenyl-containing additive molding liquid silicone rubber (AMLSR). Two methods, bulk polymerization (BP) and ring-opening polymerization (ROP), were used to prepare MPVRR. The effects of formulation, temperature...

Fish scale is a newly developed alternative resource for extracting collagen,which is one of the important biological materials. To extract collagen from fish scale has a great significance to prevent pollution and receive good economic benefits. In this paper, based on the experimental results of single...

Given V be a set of vertices on a graph G. A set D ⊆ V, is dominating set of G = (V, E) if all the vertex that is not in the set D are neighbors to at least one vertex of D. The smallest number of elements in D is known as the domination number. A set D ⊆ V(G) is called...

Collagen is one of the important biological materials. Fish scale contains rich collagen. Extracting collagen from fish scale not only reduces the biological pollution but also receives good economic benefit. In this paper, based on the experimental results of single factor test made in our previous...

The route of delivering patients using an ambulance is important thing because it relates to a person’s life. It Requires finding an efficient route for patient delivery so that it can facilitate the ambulance journey. In this study, the ambulance route from the public-health centers to the referral...

A pilot plant for comprehensive utilization of the vanadium titanium magnetite resources was constructedin Pangang Group, and the plant applies direction reduction in the rotary hearth furnace (RHF)-melting deep reduction in electric arc furnace (EAF) as the main process. Through constant experimental...

The problem of metallized pellet bonding at high temperature, which appeared in the production of Pangang pilot plant for resources comprehensive utilization, is analyzed. It shows that it is the main cause leading to the metallized pellet bonding of low melting silicate phase bonding, and it is caused...

Central Sulawesi placed as the 4th of addicted drugs highest number in Indonesia. This paper proposes batik education treatment as an alternative for BNNK Palu in conducting its controlling program. There are three running programs; that are education ( C ...

POSS with cage-like hybrid molecules composed of silicon and oxygen has raised great interests of materials researchers owing to its excellent mechanical and thermal properties, such as tensile strength, tensile modulus and glass transition temperature Tg. And it has been widely used in electronics,...