Proceedings of the 2022 4th International Conference on Economic Management and Cultural Industry (ICEMCI 2022)

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The Practice and Analysis of CAPM on Energy Commodity ETFs

Authors
Hanyang Cao1, *
1Department of Economics and Finance, Zicklin School of Business, Baruch College, New York, NY, 10010, United States
*Corresponding author. Email: hanyang.cao@baruchmail.cuny.edu
Corresponding Author
Hanyang Cao
Available Online 27 December 2022.
DOI
10.2991/978-94-6463-098-5_121How to use a DOI?
Keywords
CAPM; beta; investment; energy; commodity
Abstract

As one of the most dominant asset pricing models in the field of finance, the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) is frequently used to assess the risk and expected return in project finance. Yet, this mathematical model is still lacking in studies in the field of energy commodities. In this paper, the CAPM (expected return, beta, risk-free rate, and market rate of return) and some statistical tools (mean, standard deviation, variance, and covariance) will be used to study the investment risks on expected returns of four common energy commodity ETFs (USO Oil, BNO Brent Oil, UNG Natural Gas, UGA Gasoline) from 2017 to 2021. The research findings show that those assets which have positive beta values (USO, BNO, and UGA) result in positive expected returns, and the only energy commodity ETF (UNG) that has a negative value of beta ends with a negative expected return. In addition, risks and expected returns are positively correlated to each other. This means that the larger the beta value (higher risk), the higher the expected return in general, and vice versa. For example, in this study, UGA which has the largest beta value (2.34) generates the highest expected return (0.3732), and UNG which has the smallest value of beta (-0.28) gains the lowest expected return (-0.0222) or suffers a loss in this study.

Copyright
© 2023 The Author(s)
Open Access
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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Volume Title
Proceedings of the 2022 4th International Conference on Economic Management and Cultural Industry (ICEMCI 2022)
Series
Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research
Publication Date
27 December 2022
ISBN
10.2991/978-94-6463-098-5_121
ISSN
2352-5428
DOI
10.2991/978-94-6463-098-5_121How to use a DOI?
Copyright
© 2023 The Author(s)
Open Access
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

Cite this article

risenwbib
TY  - CONF
AU  - Hanyang Cao
PY  - 2022
DA  - 2022/12/27
TI  - The Practice and Analysis of CAPM on Energy Commodity ETFs
BT  - Proceedings of the 2022 4th International Conference on Economic Management and Cultural Industry (ICEMCI 2022)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 1074
EP  - 1084
SN  - 2352-5428
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-098-5_121
DO  - 10.2991/978-94-6463-098-5_121
ID  - Cao2022
ER  -