Hexabromocyclododecane in municipal wastewater treatment plant: Occurrence, fate and potential environmental risks

DOI

10.2991/icmia-16.2016.42How to use a DOI?

Keywords

HBCD; WWTP; environmental impact; risk assessment.

Abstract

Wastewater and sewage sludge samples were collected from a conventional wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Shanghai, and the concentrations of a frequently detected brominated flame retardant (BFR), namely hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), were determined. In wastewater samples, HBCD was detected in concentrations ranging from 1.2 to 1.7 ng/L, and in sewage sludge, HBCD level was detected to be 2.2 ng/g dry weight, which was in the low end of HBCD levels reported worldwide. The daily releasing loading of HBCD via final effluent and sewage sludge were calculated to be 73 and 70 mg, respectively, suggesting that WWTP could be a potential pollution source of HBCD in municipal environment.

Copyright

© 2016, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press.

Open Access

This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).

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TY  - CONF
AU  - Joy Ann De Guzman
PY  - 2016/11
DA  - 2016/11
TI  - Hexabromocyclododecane in municipal wastewater treatment plant: Occurrence, fate and potential environmental risks
BT  - Proceedings of the 2016 5th International Conference on Measurement, Instrumentation and Automation (ICMIA 2016)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 231
EP  - 235
SN  - 1951-6851
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/icmia-16.2016.42
DO  - 10.2991/icmia-16.2016.42
ID  - Guzman2016/11
ER  -