Numerical Investigation of Heat Transfer Enhancement in Li-ion Battery Pack Using PCM and Ionanofluid

DOI

10.2991/978-94-6239-727-9_25How to use a DOI?

Keywords

Battery Thermal Management; Lithium-Ion (Li-ion) Battery Pack; Electric Vehicle (EV); Phase Change Material (PCM); Ionanofluid (INF); CFD

Abstract

Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are widely used in electric vehicles and energy storage systems. However, efficient thermal management use is essential to maintain safety, performance, and operational life of Li-ion batteries. In the current study, three-dimensional (3D) transient numerical simulations are performed to examine the cooling performance of an 18650 Li-ion battery pack with the help of commercial ANSYS Fluent® software. The cooling performance of phase-change material (PCM), pure water, pure ionic liquid [C4mim] [NTf2], and SWCNT-based ionanofluid (INF) is comparatively analyzed. The enthalpy-porosity approach is utilized for simulating the PCM material, while temperature-dependent properties are employed for ionanofluid simulations. The effect of variations of nanoparticle volumes (Ф = 0.0025 - 0.020) on temperature distribution is also examined. The results show that inclusion of nanoparticles significantly enhances effective thermal conductivity and improves convective heat transfer. For Ф ≥ 0.01 , the maximum temperature decreases and thermal uniformity improves. The average battery temperature decreases from 30.8℃ to about 29.8℃ using PCM, while temperature is uniformly maintained at 30.0 ℃ for INF with Ф=0.020. Ionanofluid provides a more uniform temperature distribution and a lower peak temperature. The results may provide useful guidelines for the design of advanced thermal management systems using high-concentration INFs for Li-ion battery packs.

Copyright

© 2026 The Author(s)

Open Access

Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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TY  - CONF
AU  - Ranita Sen
AU  - Omprakash Bharti
AU  - Shubhrajyoti Kundu
AU  - Kamlesh Parmar
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/07/22
TI  - Numerical Investigation of Heat Transfer Enhancement in Li-ion Battery Pack Using PCM and Ionanofluid
BT  - Proceedings of the International Conference on Sustainable Micro-Nano Materials & Innovative Technology (ICSUMMIT 2026)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 331
EP  - 346
SN  - 2589-4943
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6239-727-9_25
DO  - 10.2991/978-94-6239-727-9_25
ID  - Sen2026
ER  -