Probability of Correct Decision–Making at Triggering of Load–Shifting, Intended for Low CO₂ Intensity and Low EEX Trading Prices via Simple Grid Frequency Monitoring

DOI

10.2991/ahe.k.210202.016How to use a DOI?

Keywords

Correlation, CO2, Load–Shifting, Demand–Side–Management, grid frequency, EEX, electricity trading prices, renewable share, flexibility, emissions

Abstract

To provide a simple control signal to operate residential Load–Shifting or Demand–Side–Management, the monitoring of actual grid frequency seems to be an appropriate method. Due to the present inflexibility and the lack of sufficient throttling capabilities of residual lignite and nuclear power plants, a surplus of electricity generation occurs during periods of high wind and solar power generation. While the specific CO2 emission is decreasing then – due to the increased share of Renewables, the grid frequency is increasing (to a certain limit). Using the grid frequency as an indicator to switch-on and off certain loads (loads that do not require power permanently (e.g. dishwashers, washing machines, dryers, fridges and freezers, heaters) could provide a simple, inexpensive demand–side–management indicator to lower specific CO2 emissions and costs (if a dynamic consumption tariff is available). To check the truthfulness of that hypothesis, the grid and frequency data of the German grid of the year 2018 have been collected and a the correlation between grid frequency, power surplus, share of renewables vs. CO2–contents and price at the European energy exchange (EEX) have been calculated. The results show: Correlation between frequency and share of renewables is relatively low (r = 0.155) since primary grid control quickly compensates deviations from the 50 Hz nominal frequency. There is a good anti-correlation (r = -0.687) between the electricity trading prices (EEX) and the share of renewables in the grid. Over the years, correlation between EEX–prices and CO2 emissions is quite good (r =0.665), within one year (2018) that correlation almost doesn’t exist, possibly due to the inflexibility of the bulky lignite power plants that even operate at negative prices.

Copyright

© 2021, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press.

Open Access

This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).

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TY  - CONF
AU  - Stefan Krauter
AU  - Lin Zhang
PY  - 2021
DA  - 2021/02/04
TI  - Probability of Correct Decision–Making at Triggering of Load–Shifting, Intended for Low CO₂ Intensity and Low EEX Trading Prices via Simple Grid Frequency Monitoring
BT  - Proceedings of the 14th International Renewable Energy Storage Conference 2020 (IRES 2020)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 106
EP  - 108
SN  - 2589-4943
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/ahe.k.210202.016
DO  - 10.2991/ahe.k.210202.016
ID  - Krauter2021
ER  -