Plasmodium Vivax Malaria and Cardiac Complication

DOI

10.2991/978-94-6463-048-0_36How to use a DOI?

Keywords

cardiac; complication; myocarditis; vivax malaria

Abstract

Plasmodium vivax (P. vivax) is known as a benign pattern of malaria. In recent years, Plasmodium vivax can also cause severe malaria infection that contributes to various manifestations in human organs. Cardiac complications associated with P. vivax malaria are rarely seen, but have recently been reported. This review aimed to identify the cardiac complication related to P. vivax malaria. Articles about cardiovascular manifestation in P. vivax malaria were collected from databases, including Google Scholar and PubMed. Relevant articles about P. vivax malaria and other severe malaria were included. Cardiac complication has occurred in malaria due to single P. vivax infection as seen in P. falciparum infection. There are only limited articles of cardiac involvement in P. vivax malaria and most of them are case reports. Myocarditis is the most common cardiovascular complication associated with severe P. vivax malaria. The key symptom that indicates a vivax malaria patient with cardiac complication is chest pain or chest discomfort especially in the substernal area. Some manifestations of cardiac related to P. vivax malaria are ventricle dilatation, decrease left ventricular ejection, hypokinesis of myocardium, change in cardiac enzyme, and ECG alterations. These clinical symptoms are emerging in young children and adult patients. Reported cases are the most typical in vivax endemic regions. The subclinical cardiovascular alteration also presents in patients with non-severe P. vivax malaria. Our review identifies a potential link between P. vivax single-infection and cardiovascular manifestations. It is essential to consider the possibility of cardiac complication in P. vivax malaria with a worsening condition. Further and more extensive studies of cardiac involvement in P. vivax malaria are required, especially in endemic areas.

Copyright

© 2023 The Author(s)

Open Access

Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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TY  - CONF
AU  - Fitria Siwi Nur Rochmah
AU  - Siti Istianah
PY  - 2022
DA  - 2022/12/19
TI  - Plasmodium Vivax Malaria and Cardiac Complication
BT  - Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Cardiovascular Diseases (ICCvD 2021)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 315
EP  - 321
SN  - 2468-5739
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-048-0_36
DO  - 10.2991/978-94-6463-048-0_36
ID  - Rochmah2022
ER  -