Methane Gas Mitigation Strategies to Increase The Productivity of Ruminants by Moringa Leaves and Jackfruit Leaves as Additional Feed
- DOI
- 10.2991/absr.k.220401.028How to use a DOI?
- Keywords
- Jackfruit leaves; methane gas; mitigate; moringa leaves; ruminant
- Abstract
Global warming has become an environmental problem that has received much attention. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reports that the increase in the earth’s surface temperature increases where global warming is related to the high accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The increase in greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrogen oxides (N2O), and Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) is a result of the high variety of human activities and about 28% of anthropogenic methane gas emissions come from ruminants. It is due to the formation of methane gas or methanogenesis by methanogenic archaea in the digestive tract of ruminants, especially in the rumen. High fiber feed reduces the efficiency of feed use and increases the production of methane gas (CH4). Reducing methane production in the rumen will increase the energy supply to livestock, thereby increasing the efficient use of feed ingredients. Many strategies have been carried out to manipulate the fermentation process in the rumen to increase microbial protein synthesis and methane gas mitigation. Manipulation of fermentation in the rumen can be done by applying defaunation agents to protozoa in animal feed using saponins and tannins. The alternative feed ingredients used are derived from jackfruit leaves (Artocarpus heterophyllus) and Moringa oleifera leaves are potential sources of tannins used as high-quality feed protein protection to bypass their degradation rumen microbes. Like a double-edged sword, tannins have both positive and harmful biological effects when consumed by livestock. One of the effects is increasing the efficiency of ration protein, faster livestock growth, and reduced environmental emissions caused by livestock. This study aimed to determine the best level of addition of jackfruit and moringa leaves in the ration, which can provide the highest productivity in beef goats. The results of this study were obtained from the phytochemical content of phase 1 of jackfruit and moringa leaves which showed a positive effect from the tests for alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, saponins, triterpenoids, steroids, total tannins, and condensed tannins. Proximate content parameters consisted of BK, BO, SK, LK content based on statistical analysis showing that treatments A, B, and C showed an interaction and significant effect (P <0.05). Furthermore, the in vitro digestibility of the DM, BO, SK, LK digestibility based on statistical analysis showed that treatment A, B, and C showed an interaction at a significant level. However, the duration of fermentation had a significant effect (P <0.05) (on BK content, BO, SK, LK.
- Copyright
- © 2022 The Authors. Published by Atlantis Press International B.V.
- Open Access
- This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license.
Cite this article
TY - CONF AU - Angelia Utari Harahap AU - Hermon Hermon AU - Suyitman Suyitman AU - Evitayani Evitayani AU - Lili Warly PY - 2022 DA - 2022/04/11 TI - Methane Gas Mitigation Strategies to Increase The Productivity of Ruminants by Moringa Leaves and Jackfruit Leaves as Additional Feed BT - Proceedings of the 6th International Seminar of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (ISANFS 2021) PB - Atlantis Press SP - 134 EP - 139 SN - 2468-5747 UR - https://doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.220401.028 DO - 10.2991/absr.k.220401.028 ID - Harahap2022 ER -