Contemporary trends in the formation of economically-beneficial qualities in productive animals

DOI

10.2991/ispc-19.2019.114How to use a DOI?

Keywords

economically-beneficial qualities, cattle, genomic evaluation, breeding, reproducible characteristics

Abstract

This paper covers the contemporary trends in the formation of economically-beneficial qualities in productive animals. Researchers assessed the breeding and productive traits of animals and established the reproduction characteristics of the breeding stock and stud bulls: the inseminating ability and return into heat after calving, return to the state for re-insemination, physiological manifestations of sexual heat, calving ease, direct and indirect health indicators as well as performance. Genomic testing allowed excluding the animals-carriers of genetic anomalies and haplotypes associated with fertility from the breeding process. To improve the quality of milk and the immune resistance in the breeding of stud bulls research team based on the indices of different caseins: α, β, k. The use of genetically evaluated stud bulls in the Sverdlovsk region had a significant impact on milk productivity: milk yield from 2011 through 2018 increased from 5502 to 7448 kg of milk per cow. Genomic breeding allowed predicting the functional breeding parameters, such as the duration of the productive period, calving ease, fertility, the somatic cells count. It was established that the dairy cows descended from bulls, whose semen had been imported, did not have advantages over dairy cows, descended from semen of bulls OAO ‘Uralplemcentr’ in terms of nutrients in milk. Certainty in the approaches of the abovementioned organization is based on the genome-wide assay, absence of genetic anomalies and haplotypes with negative impact on fertility, assay-based conclusions that the genome has economically-beneficial qualities that are necessary for increasing the economic profit of the dairy cows descended from abovementioned bulls. Over the course of 2-2.5 lactations it is not feasible to evaluate the cow by genotype. Cases, in which mothers are culled from the herd before calving, and their cow daughters start to lactate, lead to genetic stagnation. Increase in milk yield in production herds is related to the increase of expenses on feed components of artificial origin. This again leads to a rapid deterioration of the body of cows and even earlier culling. Without tackling the issues related to breed (or intra-breed) zoning, creation of genetically isolated groups of animals of the main breeds - the further development of the domestic dairy farming is not possible.

Copyright

© 2019, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press.

Open Access

This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).

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TY  - CONF
AU  - Vladimir Mymrin
AU  - Olga Loretts
PY  - 2019/06
DA  - 2019/06
TI  - Contemporary trends in the formation of economically-beneficial qualities in productive animals
BT  - Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference “Digital agriculture - development strategy” (ISPC 2019)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 511
EP  - 514
SN  - 1951-6851
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/ispc-19.2019.114
DO  - 10.2991/ispc-19.2019.114
ID  - Mymrin2019/06
ER  -