Proceedings of the 8th Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Symposium (MIE 2025)

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Simulation of Gasification Process and Techno-Economic Study on Waste to Energy from Municipal Solid Waste in Indonesia (Case Surakarta WTE)

Authors
Janter Naibaho1, 2, *, Bambang Sudarmanta2
1PT PLN (Persero), Renewable Energy Division, 12160 Jl. Trunojoyo Blok M-I No.135, Kebayoran Baru, Jakarta, Indonesia
2Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Mechanical Engineering Department, 60111, Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya, Indonesia
*Corresponding author. Email: Janter.naibaho@pln.co.id
Corresponding Author
Janter Naibaho
Available Online 24 May 2026.
DOI
10.2991/978-94-6239-687-6_5How to use a DOI?
Keywords
Waste to Energy; Gasification; Aspen Plus Simulation; Techno-economic Analysis; Carbon Emission Reduction
Abstract

This study uses Aspen Plus to simulate the gasification process in downdraft gasifier according to the characteristics of waste in Indonesia, using a combination of air and oxygen with equivalence ratios (ER) 0.23, 0.30 and 0.40. From the simulation results, it was obtained that the highest value of combustible gas was obtained from the simulation of ER 0.23 with a composition of CO 16.59%, CH4 1.53 and H2 12.92%. Performance analysis was carried out such as combustible gas composition, syngas lower heating value, cold gas efficiency, carbon conversion rate, and syngas production rate. The economic review concluded that with a total investment of 22.92 million USD for waste gasification of 345.6 tons/day which produces electricity of 5 MW, capacity factor (CF) of 80% and electricity tariff of 13.35 cUSD/kWh; The results of the financial analysis were obtained from the IRR Project 11.41%, IRR Equity 10.23%, Payback Period 7.82 years and DSCR 1.29. If the revenue is added with the carbon credit of 2 USD/tonCO2e or the tipping fee income of 15 USD/ton, it will result in an IRR Project of 10.67% or 13.53% respectively. The potential reduction of carbon emissions from waste gasification into electricity is 63,898.77 tons of CO2e/year.

Copyright
© 2026 The Author(s)
Open Access
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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Volume Title
Proceedings of the 8th Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Symposium (MIE 2025)
Series
Atlantis Highlights in Engineering
Publication Date
24 May 2026
ISBN
978-94-6239-687-6
ISSN
2589-4943
DOI
10.2991/978-94-6239-687-6_5How to use a DOI?
Copyright
© 2026 The Author(s)
Open Access
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

Cite this article

risenwbib
TY  - CONF
AU  - Janter Naibaho
AU  - Bambang Sudarmanta
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/05/24
TI  - Simulation of Gasification Process and Techno-Economic Study on Waste to Energy from Municipal Solid Waste in Indonesia (Case Surakarta WTE)
BT  - Proceedings of the 8th Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Symposium (MIE 2025)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 38
EP  - 56
SN  - 2589-4943
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6239-687-6_5
DO  - 10.2991/978-94-6239-687-6_5
ID  - Naibaho2026
ER  -