Proceedings of the 9th Asbam International Conference (Archeology, History, & Culture In The Nature of Malay) (ASBAM 2021)

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From Ujungpandang to Rotterdam: Transfer Power and Name of Fort Based on Lontara

Authors
Muhlis Hadrawi1, *, Nuraidar Agus2, Makmur Makmur3, A.St. Aldilah Khaerana4, Hastianah Hastianah5, Taqdir Taqdir6
1Hasanuddin University
2South Sulawesi Provincial Language Hall
3Makassar Archeological Hall
4Hasanuddin University
5South Sulawesi Provincial Language Hall
6Hasanuddin University
Corresponding author. Email: muhlisbugis@yahoo.com
Corresponding Author
Muhlis Hadrawi
Available Online 27 April 2022.
DOI
10.2991/assehr.k.220408.075How to use a DOI?
Keywords
Fort; Jumpandang; Rotterdam; Gowa; Makassar
Abstract

Benteng Ujungpandang or Fort Rotterdam constructed in the 16th century is the only inheritance fort of Kerajaan Gowa-Tallo that still exist and well taken care until 21st century nowadays. Benteng Ujungpandang is a monumental building which located in the west coast, in the suburb of Makassar City. This fort was seized by VOC in 1667 after they conquered Gowa in Perang Makassar. The power transfer from Gowa to VOC caused the name change of Benteng Ujungpandang into Fort Rotterdam. The news about Benteng Ujungpandang were found in local source in South Sulawesi namely Lontara Bilang (diary) and Attoriolong (chronic). Lontara script had recorded the traces of forts in Makassar from time to time, including Benteng Ujungpandang after Perang Makassar. This study discusses the power transfer upon Benteng Ujungpandang from Gowa to VOC that brought along the name change of Benteng Ujungpandang into Fort Rotterdam. This study applied philological approach by referring to four Lontara scripts as the source of data namely Catatan Harian Bone (ms A), Catatan Harian Gowa-Tallo (ms B), Lontara Kronik Gowa (ms C), and Lontara Sakke’ Bone (ms D). Supported data from books, magazines, research result and scientific articles were also included in this study. The results of study show that: 1) Benteng Ujungpandang was built by Raja Gowa in the 16th century to mark the rise of maritime power of Kerajaan Gowa-Tallo; 2) the name change was initiated by Spellman as the Governor of VOC when he converted Benteng Ujungpandang as the center for political activity and VOC authorities in South Sulawesi; 3) Benteng Ujungpandang had its function significantly after VOC and Arung Palakka (Bone) won Perang Makassar in 1666-1667. Under the authority of VOC, Fort Rotterdam functioned as the fortress of VOC, residence of Dutch Governor, center of military command, offices, and prison for the elites.

Copyright
© 2022 The Authors. Published by Atlantis Press SARL.
Open Access
This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license.

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Volume Title
Proceedings of the 9th Asbam International Conference (Archeology, History, & Culture In The Nature of Malay) (ASBAM 2021)
Series
Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research
Publication Date
27 April 2022
ISBN
10.2991/assehr.k.220408.075
ISSN
2352-5398
DOI
10.2991/assehr.k.220408.075How to use a DOI?
Copyright
© 2022 The Authors. Published by Atlantis Press SARL.
Open Access
This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license.

Cite this article

risenwbib
TY  - CONF
AU  - Muhlis Hadrawi
AU  - Nuraidar Agus
AU  - Makmur Makmur
AU  - A.St. Aldilah Khaerana
AU  - Hastianah Hastianah
AU  - Taqdir Taqdir
PY  - 2022
DA  - 2022/04/27
TI  - From Ujungpandang to Rotterdam: Transfer Power and Name of Fort Based on Lontara
BT  - Proceedings of the 9th Asbam International Conference (Archeology, History, & Culture In The Nature of Malay) (ASBAM 2021)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 547
EP  - 554
SN  - 2352-5398
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220408.075
DO  - 10.2991/assehr.k.220408.075
ID  - Hadrawi2022
ER  -