Environmental Democracy as an Instrument for Enforcing Green Justice: A Study of National and International Policies

DOI

10.2991/978-2-38476-529-4_7How to use a DOI?

Keywords

Green Justice; Environmental Democracy; Publik Participation; Indonesia; Aarhus Convention

Abstract

Climate change, deforestation, marine pollution, and ecosystem degradation are undeniable evidence of the global environmental crisis, that affects human life. These challenges gave rise to the concept of green justice, emphasises intergenerational rights to a healthy environment. However, green justice cannot rely solely on punitive legal mechanisms but requires participatory and democratic environmental governance.

Within this framework emerges the concept of environmental democracy, which prioritizes three key pillars: access to information, public participation, and access to justice. International instruments such as the Rio Declaration (1992) and the Aarhus Convention (1998) affirm these pillars as global standards of environmental governance. Meaningful public participation is regarded as a crucial mechanism to ensure that environmental policies are not dominated solely by political and economic interests.

In Indonesia, public participation has been formally regulated under Article 28H of the 1945 Constitution and Law No. 32/2009 on Environmental Protection and Management (EPM Law). Through a normative juridical an comparative approach, the study finds that Indonesia’s environmental participation remains largely procedural. By comparing Indonesia with other jurisdictions such as the European Union and India this paper identifies regulatory and institutional reforms needed to transform procedural participation into meaningful participation that advances both environmental democracy and green justice.

Copyright

© 2025 The Author(s)

Open Access

Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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TY  - CONF
AU  - Sri Rejeki Marsinta
PY  - 2025
DA  - 2025/12/28
TI  - Environmental Democracy as an Instrument for Enforcing Green Justice: A Study of National and International Policies
BT  - Proceedings of the International Conference on Democracy and National Resilience 2025 (ICDNR 2025)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 67
EP  - 76
SN  - 2352-5398
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-529-4_7
DO  - 10.2991/978-2-38476-529-4_7
ID  - Marsinta2025
ER  -