Assessment of the 2015 and 2019 Droughts in the Rice Agriculture Sector in Java

DOI

10.2991/978-94-6463-086-2_46How to use a DOI?

Keywords

Drought; Food security; Hydrometeorological disasters; SPEI

Abstract

Drought is a natural phenomenon that occurs due to low rainfall. Drought has a slow onset character, but its effects are far-reaching. With climate change, drought events are increasing in frequency and intensity. Drought in Indonesia is related to the natural phenomena of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD). Agriculture is the sector most affected by the drought. Drought can damage food crops and ultimately threaten food security. In the last decade, there have been two severe droughts, namely in 2015 and 2019. This study aimed to assess the impact of the droughts in 2015 and 2019 on rice agriculture in Java, Indonesia's main food barn. The Standardized Precipitation Evaporation Index expresses the dryness level with a time-scale of 3 months (SPEI-3) and 6 months (SPEI-6). The level of the drought was mapped to see its spatial distribution using the gaussian krigging interpolation method. The impact of drought is expressed in the area of agricultural rice land affected by drought by province. The evaluation results show that the 2015 drought had the lowest SPEI-3 value of -2.06 in September 2015, and the lowest SPEI-6 value of -1.52 occurred in January 2016. The rice agriculture land affected by drought throughout 2015 was around 246 thousand hectares. The 2019 drought lasted longer because it started in the middle of 2018. The lowest SPEI-3 value of -2.06 occurred in August 2019, and the lowest SPEI-6 value of -1.96 occurred in October 2019. The drought impacted around 120 thousand and 223 thousand hectares of rice land in 2018 and 2019, respectively. The results of the SPEI value mapping indicate that the eastern part of Java Island is experiencing a more severe drought than the western part. However, the impact of the drought on rice agriculture is more significant in the west. It indicated that the western part of Java Island is an area that is prone to drought, while the eastern part is more resilient to drought disasters.

Copyright

© 2023 The Author(s)

Open Access

Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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TY  - CONF
AU  - Endita Prima Ari Pratiwi
AU  - Candra Kusumasari Wisnu Murti
AU  - Elyana Inggrid Widiastuti
PY  - 2022
DA  - 2022/12/28
TI  - Assessment of the 2015 and 2019 Droughts in the Rice Agriculture Sector in Java
BT  - Proceedings of the International Conference on Sustainable Environment, Agriculture and Tourism (ICOSEAT 2022)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 352
EP  - 359
SN  - 2468-5747
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-086-2_46
DO  - 10.2991/978-94-6463-086-2_46
ID  - Pratiwi2022
ER  -