All of the articles in this proceedings volume have been presented at the ICOSEAT during July 21-23, 2022 in Bangka, Indonesia. These articles have been peer reviewed by the members of the Scientific Committee and approved by the Editor-in-Chief, who affirms that this document is a truthful description...

In the plant factory, plants carry out the process of photosynthesis using artificial light sources in the form of growth lights instead of sunlight. Each type of lamp will emit light with a different wavelength, so the effect on the photosynthesis process is also different. This study examines the pattern...

Sweet potato is an important agricultural commodity in Indonesia and it is the source of carbohydrates after rice. However, the quality and quantity of sweet potatoes produced decreased and did not fulfill the demand. Provision of growth regulators is one of the efforts to increase the growth of sweet...

Several factors influence plant growth, including sun intensity, nutrient content, soil moisture, temperature, genes, and hormones. Many studies have been carried out in constructing plant growth models to simulate plant growth in different treatments. This study aims to develop a mathematical model...

Arthocarpus integer or cempedak is an indigenous fruit with a distinctive taste and smell. Cutting seeds on water content observations need to be considered because the seeds contain sap that can affect the observation results. A. integer seeds are classified as recalcitrant seeds, so the handlers must...

The nutritional content of cocopeat does not fully meet plant needs, so it needs to be combined with other organic materials such as manure. In addition, the relatively large porosity of cocopeat will affect plant productivity. This study aims to evaluate the nutrient content of cocopeat and the evapotranspiration...

Dry land productivity can be increased by building irrigation networks, one of which is microcontroller-based drip irrigation. The purpose of this study was to determine the performance of the drip irrigation system on mustard pakcoy (Brassica rapa Subsp. chinensis) automatically using the Arduino uno...

Land evaluation is assessing land resources for a specific purpose using a tested approach. Tomato and Chili plants can be planted in rice fields or dry fields, lowlands and highlands, and during the dry and rainy season. This study aimed to determine the land suitability of the superior vegetable commodities...

Plant breeding activities are one of the efforts that can be done to get rice with a high yield. Advanced yield test is one of the yield test stages to identify genotypes of upland rice that has the potential as a new superior variety with high yielding and lodging resistance. This study aims to obtain...

The effect of climate change on the productivity of horticultural commodities is very large. So that the formulation of the problem taken in this study is: What are the known and experienced climate change phenomena and the obstacles faced by farmers in the horticulture subsector in Probolinggo. What...

Superior varieties are one of the components that play an important role in increasing agricultural products. One of the efforts to increase the production of coffee plants, among others, is introducing several local coffee clones that can be used as options in the development of coffee cultivation....

Cropping season pattern which has been implemented in Belanti II Swamp Irrigation Area is two cropping seasons (IP2), however there are no water management analysis yet in terms of water availability and needs to apply three cropping seasons (IP3). Through this study, water availability and needs which...

Azospirillum is one of the bacteria that can be used as biological fertilizer because the bacteria is known as a producer of PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria) which can increase crop production in a sustainable manner. Another potential possessed by Azospirillum is as a biocontrol agent for...

Rice production in South Kalimantan experienced diminishment in recent years. One of the problems that created this issue was the decline of soil fertility. Application of synthetic fertilizers in a long term would decline the soil fertility and subsequently diminished the productivity of rice field....

Green alga (Dunaliella salina) could produce high amount of β-carotene under extreme environmental conditions in order to defend its cells from extreme environmental stresses. β-carotene is widely used in various industries as antioxidant, provitamin A, food coloring, etc. In the present study, nitrogen...

The Tahai lowland irrigation area is one of the on-going lowland development national projects. This channel network consists of the primary channel and a number of secondary channels on its left and right banks at regular distances. This is known as comb (sisir) system. The primary channel starts at...

Brown rice (Oryza nivara) is known to have a relatively low shelf life when compared to other types of rice. This study aims to determine the physico-chemical characteristics and to determine the best type of packaging for brown rice during storage with the addition of pandan leaf powder. The research...

Unit Tamban is one of the reclaimed lowlands in the tidal irrigation area, which is included in the food estate program located in Block D, Central Kalimantan. The water system used in the area is a fork-type with a settling pond at the end of each primary canal. Most of the soils are acid sulfate type...

Due to the long molecular chain and high molecularweight of chitosan, the application is very limited. The radiation process can reduce molecular weight and shorten the molecular chain. This study aims to determine the characterization of irradiated chitosan coated on NPK as a growth stimulant for maize...

Spodosols soil are categorized as a marginal or sub-optimum soil which has several limiting factors and potential for oil palm plantations. The main limiting factors for spodosols are the presence of a spodic layer, poor nutrients, acidic pH, low water retention capacity, and low cation exchange capacity...

Prediction of the annual oil palm yield is an important decision-making tool in harvesting operational management, management of Palm Oil Mill (POM), trading of Crude Palm Oil (CPO) and its derivative products along with management of POM waste. The palm census method has a better accuracy rate than...

Dadahup lowland irrigation area, known in Bahasa as Daerah Irigasi Rawa (DIR) Dadahup, is one of the Ex-PLG areas that has been now included in the food estate program. It has been experiencing low productivity, producing only 1.7 - 2.9 ton/ha/year of paddy. Farming on lowland areas is often hindered...

The Sei Teras Pond Irrigation Area (DIT) is an aquaculture zone on the coast of Central Kalimantan Province. TSS and salinity are water parameters that affect the development of aquaculture. Water quality studies and their distribution are needed to support aquaculture enhancement. This study aims to...

Water salinity and acidity are two water quality parameters that are important for the success of crop cultivation in the Anjir Serapat Lowland Irrigation Area, Central Kalimantan. The interrupted tidal flow between Kapuas Murung River and the irrigation drainage system prevents fresh-saline water exchange....

Watermelon is a horticultural plant liked by many people. Limited land and the conversion of optimal land use make the cultivation activities expand to marginal land. It will undoubtedly affect the quality of the watermelon produced. Mycorrhizal application in sub-optimum land is one way to improve soil...

Spice plants are commonly used as dried herbs and served as liquid, steeped/powdered, boiled/chopped, and in the form of capsules/pills/tablets singly or in a mixture. Ginger, cinnamon, lemongrass, cloves, and rosella were formulated as dried powder for herbal tea drinks. This study aimed to determine...

The Belanti I lowland irrigation area is a lowland development area built in the 1980s through the Tidal Rice Field Development Project (P4S). Currently, the land functioned for agriculture is only 1.211 hectares out of 3.392 hectares. These conditions are caused by unfulfilled water and soil quality...

Oil palm is the most efficient vegetable oil producer whose products can be used in various food, pharmaceutical, oleochemical, and biodiesel industries. Expanding the new planting area, starting from land clearing, and planting oil palm, to young and mature oil palm plants, will affect the abiotic environment...

Oil palm fertilizers are located in circle weeding because it is usually “cleaner” than interrow. However, many planters assumed that this method is inadequate. This is because the density of feeding roots, which play an essential role in nutrient absorption, continues to decrease due to intensive fertilizer...

Temulawak has tremendous potential for its benefits to be developed, in fact, the temulawak plant has advantages equivalent to Korean ginseng so that many people consider temulawak as "Indonesian ginseng". Besides being used as traditional medicine, ginger can be used as a drink, Health drinks...

Common practice of irrigation water in Indonesia often lead to the utilization of different approaches and strategies resulted in the conflicts’ creation and resolution. Our take on irrigation water as common-pool resources brought us to the notion where conflicts could be mediated, and resolution would...

Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri) is a tuber plant used in the industrial production of glucomannan. Porang can be cultivated with bulbil (katak tubers) and spontaneously harvested vegetatively. Under certain harvest and storage conditions, infected bulbils can reduce seed quality, viability, and growth....

Spatial variability can be the main cause of uneven plant growth, but this has not received much attention in the field. Spatial variability in soil chemical properties (soil pH, P) can be calculated using a geostatistics approach. The main objective of this research was to make a predictive mapping...

Indonesia is the third largest cacao producer and exporter in the world after Ghana and Ivory Coast. Cadmium (Cd) is one of the metal elements that is often found contained in cacao plants which usually accumulates in cacao bean. Excessive accumulation of Cadmium (Cd) can cause harmful effects on soil,...

The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE ) model has been use widely to estimate soil erosion under various environment condition. The model enables a soil erosion mapping in a large scale for conservation planning purpose. Crop (C) and conservation practice (P) factors are important RUSLE parameters...

The cocoa bean production (quality and quantity) influenced by soil and climate characteristics as well as farming management (fertilizer, irrigation, drainage, etc). Soil characteristics such as texture and pH closely related to particles transportation from soil to all part of plants (root, stem, leaf,...

Shallots are a favorite vegetable crop because they are widely used in daily cooking spices. The cultivation of this plant is constrained by the attack of plant pest organisms like Spodoptera exigua. S. exigua causes damage by causing scallions to become hollow and see-through. Alternative control of...

Coffee is a popular commodity in practically every country, and demand is growing. Coffee processing produces more than 50% by-products, the majority of which is coffee husk (48%). It includes phenolic content and caffeine, as well as antioxidants in the range of 60.25%, making it a potential functional...

Indonesia has developed ready to eat (RTE) food in several years along the high activities of the consumers and needs of delicious, fast, and nutritious foods. One of the popular RTE foods in Indonesia is meatball. The common seasoning used in the RTE meatballs is monosodium glutamate (MSG). However,...

One of the canters for cassava cultivation in Bogor Regency is Sukaraja District. Farmers in this area have been growing cassava several decades ago. This survey aims to determine the characteristics of cassava farmers, cultivation methods, knowledge and attitudes and perceptions of farmers with the...

Balunijuk Village is one of the centers of vegetable production on Bangka Island. Almost all of the farmers in Balunijuk Village depend on chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides which are not environmentally friendly. The implementation of the LEISA (Low External Input Sustainable Agriculture)...

The relocation of the State Capital from DKI Jakarta to the Ibu Kota Nusantara (IKN), East Kalimantan brought new problems, one of them was agricultural problems. The increase in population in IKN also increases the need for food which threatens food security. East Kalimantan region, which is mostly...

Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora) is one type of coffee that is widely cultivated in Indonesia. Robusta coffee is usually processed using the wet method, which causes the physical and chemical qualities of the coffee beans to change during the process. This research examined the effect of yeast addition...

In response to the unsustainable practice of palm oil plantation, several NGOs, palm oil companies and investors established the Roundtable Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) in 2004. This organization introduced a voluntary Certified Sustainable Palm Oil (CSPO) brand through a series of auditing processes...

Tailings land has the potential to utilize as agricultural land. Tailings land requires improvements such as proper fertilization and has potential to be planted with cultivated plants, such as porang. Porang have potential to be cultivated, because porang have a high import value. This study aims to...

Drought is a natural phenomenon that occurs due to low rainfall. Drought has a slow onset character, but its effects are far-reaching. With climate change, drought events are increasing in frequency and intensity. Drought in Indonesia is related to the natural phenomena of El Niño-Southern Oscillation...

The emergence of springs and underground rivers is one of the characteristics of a karst landscape that is formed due to the karstification process in which carbonate rocks are dissolved by water to form cavities or channels. Karst Pacitan is an area located in parts of Donorojo, Punung, and Pringkuku...

Sorghum is a plant that has the potential to be developed on dry land such as ultisols. Provision of organic matter and application of NPK is one of the efforts to optimize plant growth on critical land. Cassava peel block compost and cassava peel compost are organic materials that can be used to increase...

The southern foot slope of the Galunggung volcano in Leuwisari subdistrict and surrounding, Tasikmalaya, Indonesia, is abundant in springs. These springs are crucial to the community since they provide water for both domestic and agricultural purposes. However, the hydraulic connection between these...

Okra (Abelmoschus esculenthus L.) is a functional food crop consumed when the pod is immature and tender. Crosses the local okra, i.e. green and red okra, with introduced varieties B291 and Ve022 aimed to improve the local cultivar traits. This study aimed to assess the agronomic variability of S2 from...

VCO is a coconut processed product that can increase the body's immunity against various degenerative diseases. Besides coconut, there is also a food product that is no less important, namely green grass jelly (Cyclea barbata L. Miers) leaf extract. In this study, the process of mixing the two foodstuffs...

In this study, moisture content of soybean was evaluated using visible near infrared (Vis-NIR) spectroscopy. Soybean were dried at 60˚C for up to 10 hours to get moisture variation. A total of 200 soybean were used in this study which made a total of 600 reflectance spectra scanned with Vis-NIR spectrometer...

Thigmomorphogenesis is a plant growth response caused by mechanical stimuli from outside of the plant body. The mechanical stimulations used in this study was irrigation methods, namely drip and mist. The objectives of this study were to determine the morphology of tubers, to compare the growth rates,...

Accurate, non-destructive prediction of chlorophyll content in leaves is crucial to guaranteeing an optimum plant’s growth and productivity. This is due to the fact that chlorophyll is an important photosynthetic pigment for plants, determining photosynthetic capacity and hence plant growth. In this...

Chocolate has some unique characteristics that solid at room temperature, brittle when broken and completely melts at body temperature. In the tropics, a specific approach in formulating chocolate is needed due to its high average temperature. This research aimed to develop formulation of heat-resistant...

Pineapple is one of Indonesia′s leading tropical fruits distributed in both domestic and international markets. High demand for pineapple leads to the development of pineapple preservation in Indonesia. However, postharvest handling constraints that have not been optimally hampered restrict the development...

As a commodity with high adaptability to climate change, sorghum has high potency in food sustainability. Sorghum grain can be diversified to be various kinds of food products including rice sorghum instant. The heat transfer process during the drying of sorghum rice instant is an interesting factor...

Indonesia is the fourth largest pineapple producing country in the world. This makes a lot of pineapple exported to foreign countries including Asia, Europe, and America. The length of export shipping causes a decrease in quality which results in poor pineapple conditions in faraway countries. This problem...

Heat and mass transfer occurred simultaneously during the drying process. Therefore, the drying rate of coconut palm sugar was evaluated by analyzing heat and mass transfer simultaneously using the Runge-Kutta method. In this study, three different temperatures and three various drying loads were carried...

The influence of different drying temperatures and drying loads on the drying characteristics of coarse coconut palm sap sugar were investigated in this study. The granulated coconut palm sap sugars were dried using an air-oven dryer at three temperature variations (60, 70, 80°C) and three different...

Cocoa produces a huge by-product during its processing, such as cocoa pod husk (CPH). It requires a proper material handling method to process cocoa pod husk due to its perishability, so it can be used as a food ingredient. This research purpose is to get the best way to produce high-quality cocoa pod...

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the metal elements that is often found contained in cacao plantation system. The first gate of Cd contamination is soil as medium of plant growth. The soil characteristics such as texture and pH play vital role in chemical and physical reaction in the soil that may increase mobility...

Energy consumption is increasing in daily life along with the development of human life. The most widely used energy source in everyday life is light. In tropical areas and islands such as Bangka Belitung, the intensity of light changes rapidly. Sunny weather in the morning turns dark in the afternoon....

The objective of this study was to determine the precise location of workers in poultry houses using BLE beacons methods. Data was collected from two poultry houses using smart device systems during the experimental period. A score map was developed using a fingerprint algorithm based on the obtained...

A destructive testing for identification the presence of non-food grade Rhodamine B (RhB) dyes in food products requires complex sample preparation and is not environmentally friendly because of chemical using. Even though, this testing for foodstuffs such as chili paste requires more simple, rapid testing...

Soil moisture is an essential factor in supporting the crop’s growth. The total soil moisture affects plant fertility, which impacts its productivity. The information about soil moisture can be used for crop scheduling to optimize the potential of the harvest and reduce crop failure risk. The utilization...

The oil palm plantations in Indonesia are more than 14 million hectares and have been cultivated for more than 100 years in various types of land, climates, and various technical cultural treatments. The cultivation process will produce very large data. However, the utilization of these data has not...

Data on the number of palm oil tree plantations on cultivated land is essential in a company's cultivation activities. Limitations of collecting data number of palm oil trees using the terrestrial method are the effectiveness of times, in terms of costs, and coverage area. Utilization of remote...

Indonesia is one of the largest palm oil-producing countries. The industrial management system in oil palm plantations is essential to realize the company's goals. On the other hand, many oil palm plantations in Indonesia still apply conventional data management. The deficiencies have an impact...

The presence of e-commerce accompanied by online shopping trends has excellent potential to move and drive the economy of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs). Digital marketing utilises electronic media to promote products or services to attract customers' attention and allow customers to...

The current global trend leads to a healthy lifestyle related to environmentally friendly and green product consumption. Pigmented rice is one of the most popular healthy food choices for consumption by Indonesian consumers. Information regarding green consumer behavior in the pigmented rice market must...

The use of a push system planting tool to plant corn seeds requires a lot of energy because workers act as controllers, so it often creates a physical and mental workload. Workloads that are too heavy and exceed work capacity can cause fatigue. This fatigue will eventually cause pain. Therefore, the...

The objective of this research was to determine the effect of pellet with a combination leave tannin source from Acacia mangium Willd, Swietenia mahagoni, dan Artocarpus heterophyllus in pellets on in vitro nutrient digestibility. This research used three substrate tratments with different tannin levels...

Entrepreneurs engaged in the MSME sector have a strategic role in economic growth in Indonesia. During the Covid-19 pandemic, the blue economy sector including MSMEs engaged in digitalization strategies, given the limited face-to-face interactions. Henceforth a plethora of research on MSME digitalization...

An electronic nose is a device designed to sense, classify, and recognize a product based on its aroma. The electronic nose is generally designed from four main parts, namely: sample handling and delivery system, detector system, signal conditioning and preprocessing, and pattern recognition software....

An electronic nose is a device designed to sense, classify, and recognize a product based on its aroma. The electronic nose is generally designed from four main parts, namely: sample handling and delivery system, detector system, signal conditioning and preprocessing, and pattern recognition software....

Chili is a horticultural crop that has high economic value in Indonesia. The productivity level of chili in the country is not proportional to the level of consumption, one of the causes is malnutrition. Each plant requires different amounts of macronutrients and micronutrients to support plant growth...

Indonesia’s farmers face many challenges, from low productivity, pest attack, uncertainly commodities price, unscrupulous off-takers to difficulties in getting loans. One of the biggest challenges right now, however, is climate change. Speaking of weather conditions, level of weather predictions covers...

Grain security has been a significant concern over the decades since global food consumption is almost entirely grain-based, especially in developing countries. Food security can be achieved if grain security, as a prerequisite, is met. However, grain security for a country is not only a production issue...

The spatial allocation arrangement for the utilization of the eastern coastal area of the Bangka Regency, based on the Zoning Plan for Coastal Zone and Small Islands (RZWP3K) is multipurpose and multi-sector. The simultaneous use of marine space creates a trade-off for interested economic actors, which...

Groundwater vulnerability mapping in the Bantul area, Yogyakarta was carried out to highlight water resources at risk and to identify vulnerable zones that require careful management in the area. In order to meet these objectives, an investigation using statistical approach was suggested to inquire the...

Bantul Regency is an area of the Special Region of Yogyakarta Province prone to earthquakes, mainly due to plate tectonic activity. On May 27, 2006, an earthquake of 6.3 Mw hit the Special Region of Yogyakarta and caused considerable damage in Bantul Regency. One of the impacts of the earthquake liquefaction,...

The multiprobe sensor technology used in online water quality monitoring systems can produce water quality measurement data from several parameters at once quickly and in large quantities. The accuracy of the data is highly dependent on the quality of the river water being monitored and the performance...

Research on groundwater vulnerability using the simple vertical vulnerability (SVV) method in Wonosari district, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta was conducted to identify groundwater vulnerability zones that require careful management in the research area. It is very important to know the extent of existing...

The issue of water supply and sustainable energy is significant in dealing with clean water and energy crises in the long term. In addition, there has been a rise in water and air pollution caused by the community’s activities. Conservation strategies should be implemented to lessen dependence on the...

This study was conducted to identify key parameters such as temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide (CO2), and relative temperature-humidity index (RTHI) that affect the inside and outside environment of the Swine barn. Moreover, the climate of the Swine barn is always related to the Swine’s body temperature...

The city of Semarang, especially the Genuk area and its surroundings, is currently categorized as a critical zone for groundwater utilization because of the large groundwater abstraction discharge and poor groundwater quality. To fulfill the need for clean water, both for domestic and industrial purposes,...

In Indonesia, small-scale rock mining is generally managed by traditional miners. For example, the andesite rock mining in Bulu Alakkuang has been exploited for approximately one hundred years. Mining waste is channeled directly into the Panreng River, located on the north side of the mining area. Rock...

Tin mining will produce tailings waste which has the potential to be a source of pollution environment, especially in watersheds. This research was conducted in Paya Benua Village, Mendo Barat District, Bangka Regency, Bangka Belitung Islands Province. This study aims to determine the level of spread...

Water is an essential natural resource for improving economic activities, especially in urban areas which have domestic and industrial activities. The massive freshwater resource on earth is groundwater. In contrast, the volume of groundwater resources is minimal compared to the whole water volume in...

The earth-fill and rock-fill dam are designed to be used for long-term storage, hydropower, flood control structure. The dam is set to design against failure due to various causes that can result in releasing the water catastrophically to the downstream area as a flood hazard. The consequences of the...

Mining activities on Bangka Island began in 1711 and in Belitung in 1852. The Regional Environmental Agency of the Bangka Belitung Islands Province in 2014 issued an inventory of environmental damage, a total class of critical land covering an area of 1,675,240.51 ha, with criteria for critical land...

Indoor CO and NO2 pollutants resulting from cooking activities are the cause of sick building syndrome. Several studies had shown that window openings for ventilation can lead indoor air conditions worse due to infiltration. There have not been many studies on this possible condition. Therefore, this...

Many parameters are used to determine the quality of waters, one of which is Total Suspended Solids (TSS). In addition to direct data measurement and field sampling, TSS concentrations can also be estimated from satellite data by developing models based on the reflectance of the light received by the...

The construction of Jalur Jalan Lintas Selatan (JJLS) infrastructure is implied to facilitate access and increase the potential for agriculture and tourism in the South Coast Region of Java. Slope stability evaluation should be done in this development infrastructure area to build sustainable and resilient...

The trend of cryptocurrency mining was increasing electrical energy consumption in the world which had an impact on the environment. Tesla, a United States automotive company, had policies that affect the dynamics of cryptocurrency exchange rates. This study aims to analyze Tesla's reasons for not...

Land preparation for post-tin mining revegetation at Bangka Island will affect physical-chemical as well as heavy metals’ properties of the soil, and those properties affect plants distribution on the post-tin mining lands. The purpose of the research is to study the distribution of plants in the post-tin...

The excessive use of land for farming in the catchment area of Panglima Besar (PB) Sudirman reservoir causes serious environmental problems, particularly in the form of soil erosion. A study about soil erosion is required as a basis for conservation planning. This study aims to determine the spatial...

Efficiency and self-starting capability performances are the main problems in vertical axis current turbines (VACT). By purposing improves its performance, VACT has been developed with various models. One development of this model is designing the turbine blade into a bio-inspired shape. The fluke and...

This study aims to determine the distribution of water quality in the canal network and Sei Teras fishpond under tidal cycle conditions for aquaculture technology. The previous study focused on the water quality upstream of the canals. The result shows that the degree of acidity (pH) met the criteria...