Life Cycle Assessment of Potable-Water and Treated Greywater Concrete to Quantify Environmental Benefits

DOI

10.2991/978-94-6239-678-4_37How to use a DOI?

Keywords

Life Cycle Assessment; Concrete; Treated Greywater; PotableWater; Green House Gas Emissions; Sustainability

Abstract

This comparative study aims to evaluate the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of making concrete with Treated Grey Water (TGW) over Potable Water; LCA evaluates the amount of Green House Gaseous(GHG)emissionsaswellaswaterefficiencytousetogenerateenvironmentaladvantages. The quantity of greenhouse gases that will be saved directly because of the substitution of potable water with treated grey water might be minimal. Nevertheless, when energy efficient production of treated grey water is done, and/or when the supply of potablewater is taken out of carbon-intensive sources, the amount of water conserved becomes significantly high. The emission of the greenhouse gases and the use of water were measured against a Functional Unit, one cubic meter of Ready-Mixed Concrete. Findings of the base-case analysis showed a marginal quantity of Direct Global Warming Potential (GWP) was spared (~0.05 kgCO2 / m 3); the benefits of conservation of water were high. According to the sensitivity analysis, the GWP savings will be significant in case the supply of potable water is carbon intensive and /or the Treated Grey Water Treatment is energy efficient. This research is expected to satisfy an immediate requirement of building materials which are eco friendly, and the utilization of grey water (treated) rather than drinking water in construction work, and the growing worry of water shortage and heavy carbon foot print of conventional building practices. Suggestions on inclusion of treated grey water to concrete production are given.

Copyright

© 2026 The Author(s)

Open Access

Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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TY  - CONF
AU  - Jayant Awasthy
AU  - Sharad Naik
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/05/28
TI  - Life Cycle Assessment of Potable-Water and Treated Greywater Concrete to Quantify Environmental Benefits
BT  - Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Recent Advancement and Modernization in Sustainable Intelligent Technologies & Applications (RAMSITA-2026)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 464
EP  - 474
SN  - 1951-6851
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6239-678-4_37
DO  - 10.2991/978-94-6239-678-4_37
ID  - Awasthy2026
ER  -