Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health

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Volume 4, Issue 1, March 2014, Pages 51 - 59

Burden of laboratory-confirmed Campylobacter infections in Guatemala 2008–2012: Results from a facility-based surveillance system

Authors
Stephen R. Benoita, *, bvy8@cdc.gov, Beatriz Lopezb, Wences Arveloa, Olga Henaoc, Michele B. Parsonsc, Lissette Reyesd, Juan Carlos Moird, Kim Lindbladea
aGlobal Disease Detection Program, Division of Global Disease Detection and Emergency Response, Center for Global Health, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA
bCenter for Health Studies, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala
cDivision of Foodborne, Waterborne and Environmental Diseases, National Center For Emerging & Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA
dMinistry of Public Health and Welfare, Guatemala City, Guatemala
*Corresponding author. Address: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, MS E-03 Atlanta, GA, USA. Tel.: +1 404 639 5013.
Corresponding Author
Stephen R. Benoitbvy8@cdc.gov
Received 17 June 2013, Revised 2 August 2013, Accepted 6 October 2013, Available Online 12 November 2013.
DOI
10.1016/j.jegh.2013.10.001How to use a DOI?
Keywords
Campylobacter; Guatemala; Epidemiology; Antimicrobial resistance
Abstract

Introduction: Campylobacteriosis is one of the leading causes of gastroenteritis worldwide. This study describes the epidemiology of laboratory-confirmed Campylobacter diarrheal infections in two facility-based surveillance sites in Guatemala.

Methods: Clinical, epidemiologic, and laboratory data were collected on patients presenting with acute diarrhea from select healthcare facilities in the departments of Santa Rosa and Quetzaltenango, Guatemala, from January 2008 through August 2012. Stool specimens were cultured for Campylobacter and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on a subset of isolates. Multidrug resistance (MDR) was defined as resistance to ⩾3 antimicrobial classes.

Results: Campylobacter was isolated from 306 (6.0%) of 5137 stool specimens collected. For children <5 years of age, annual incidence was as high as 1288.8 per 100,000 children in Santa Rosa and 185.5 per 100,000 children in Quetzaltenango. Among 224 ambulatory care patients with Campylobacter, 169 (75.5%) received metronidazole or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and 152 (66.7%) received or were prescribed oral rehydration therapy. Antimicrobial susceptibilities were tested in 96 isolates; 57 (59.4%) were resistant to ciprofloxacin and 12 (12.5%) were MDR.

Conclusion: Campylobacter was a major cause of diarrhea in children in two departments in Guatemala; antimicrobial resistance was high, and treatment regimens in the ambulatory setting which included metronidazole and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and lacked oral rehydration were sub-optimal.

Copyright
Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia.
Open Access
This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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<Previous Article In Issue
Next Article In Issue>
Journal
Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
Volume-Issue
4 - 1
Pages
51 - 59
Publication Date
2013/11/12
ISSN (Online)
2210-6014
ISSN (Print)
2210-6006
DOI
10.1016/j.jegh.2013.10.001How to use a DOI?
Copyright
Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia.
Open Access
This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Cite this article

risenwbib
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stephen R. Benoit
AU  - Beatriz Lopez
AU  - Wences Arvelo
AU  - Olga Henao
AU  - Michele B. Parsons
AU  - Lissette Reyes
AU  - Juan Carlos Moir
AU  - Kim Lindblade
PY  - 2013
DA  - 2013/11/12
TI  - Burden of laboratory-confirmed Campylobacter infections in Guatemala 2008–2012: Results from a facility-based surveillance system
JO  - Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
SP  - 51
EP  - 59
VL  - 4
IS  - 1
SN  - 2210-6014
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jegh.2013.10.001
DO  - 10.1016/j.jegh.2013.10.001
ID  - Benoit2013
ER  -