New Data on the Occupation and Culture of Toalean and Austronesian Speakers in Maros, South Sulawesi

DOI

10.2991/978-2-38476-070-1_59How to use a DOI?

Keywords

Toalean; Austronesian; cultural diversity; Mallawa; multiculturalism

Abstract

This research aims to find out the cultural diversity and patterns of Austronesian and Toalean human occupation. The method used is survey and excavation in open locations and rock shelters. In addition, excavations were carried out at the Bulu Bakung open site, Sibokoreng and Cenra-cenranae rock shelter. The survey, which was conducted on four open sites, gave a contextual understanding of Austronesian artifacts associated with chert flakes as Toalean technology. As a result, the study showed that the entire site had surface findings that indicated occupancy from different populations. Dating analysis from stratigraphic layers in two rock-shelters shows the pure occupancy of Toalean in the Sibokoreng rock shelter in the range of 9135–8991 cal BP to 10160–9773 cal BP. Dating analysis from the stratigraphy of the Cendra-cenranae rock shelter in the range 5050–4855 cal BP has artifacts by Maros Point, blades, and microliths associated with pottery fragments and incisors. It is possible at the beginning of Austronesian speakers’ arrival in Mallawa, to inhabit rock shelters and caves that have natural resources, especially the deer which they consume. The next phase is shown on open site occupancy at 2061 cal.BP with high-intensity pottery findings associated with pickaxes and chert flakes. The chert flakes on the open site and the association of blades, microliths, Maros Points, and pottery fragments in the Cenra-cenranae rock shelter and the slaughtering of human teeth illustrate the existence of two different types of cultural products; Toalean-Austronesian which can be interpreted as a trace of multiculturalism.

Copyright

© 2023 The Author(s)

Open Access

Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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TY  - CONF
AU  - Hasanuddin
AU  - Bernadeta AKW
AU  - Akin Duli
AU  - A. M. Saiful
AU  - Suryatma
AU  - Z. Mas’ud
PY  - 2023
DA  - 2023/06/27
TI  - New Data on the Occupation and Culture of Toalean and Austronesian Speakers in Maros, South Sulawesi
BT  - Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Linguistics and Cultural (ICLC 2022)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 688
EP  - 716
SN  - 2352-5398
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-070-1_59
DO  - 10.2991/978-2-38476-070-1_59
ID  - 2023
ER  -