Developing an AI-Based STEAM Robotics Kit to Enhance Deep Learning and Computational Thinking in Primary Science Education

DOI

10.2991/978-2-38476-605-5_9How to use a DOI?

Keywords

AI-based learning; STEAM robotics; deep learning; computational thinking; prototype development; Indonesian science education

Abstract

The increasing demand for 21st-century competencies in science education requires learning environments that go beyond conceptual delivery and promote deep learning, problem-solving, and computational thinking. However, in many Indonesian classrooms, the implementation of technology-enhanced learning remains limited due to teachers’ low AI literacy and the lack of classroom-ready STEAM media that integrate robotics with curriculum-based inquiry. This study addresses these challenges by developing an AI-based STEAM Robotics Kit as a pedagogical tool designed to bridge concept understanding and computational reasoning in primary and lower secondary science learning. The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) design in the first year of implementation, consisting of need analysis, prototype design, limited classroom trial, and expert validation. The needs analysis revealed that 80% of teachers experienced difficulty implementing applied STEAM instruction, while 88% of students preferred science learning involving robotics and hands-on experimentation. The limited classroom trial demonstrated a 15% increase in students’ conceptual understanding, alongside improved enthusiasm and participation. Expert validation resulted in a mean score of 4.02, placing the product in the “valid” category in terms of content quality, pedagogical relevance, and technical feasibility. These findings confirm that the AI-Based STEAM Robotics Kit is feasible and pedagogically appropriate for classroom use, and it provides a strong foundation for large-scale implementation and quasi-experimental testing in the second year of the project. The study contributes not only to the development of accessible AI-supported STEAM learning tools but also to the refinement of context-responsive technology integration in Indonesian science education.

Copyright

© 2026 The Author(s)

Open Access

Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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TY  - CONF
AU  - Neni Hermita
AU  - Suroyo Suroyo
AU  - Okfalisa Okfalisa
AU  - Zulirfan Zulirfan
AU  - Rifqa Gusmida Syahrun Barokah
AU  - Tommy Tanu Wijaya
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/08/07
TI  - Developing an AI-Based STEAM Robotics Kit to Enhance Deep Learning and Computational Thinking in Primary Science Education
BT  - Proceedings of the 2026 International Conference on Primary Education (ICOPE 2026)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 95
EP  - 110
SN  - 2352-5398
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-605-5_9
DO  - 10.2991/978-2-38476-605-5_9
ID  - Hermita2026
ER  -