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1231 articles
Series: Advances in Engineering Research
Proceedings Article
Research Progress of Gadolinium in Heat Resistant Magnesium alloys
Jinglong Yan, Quan-an Li, Xiaoya Chen, Yao Zhou
This paper expounds the characteristics of Gd and Mg-Gd binary alloys, Introduces the mechanism of Gd addition on the heat resistant magnesium alloys. Reviewed the research progress in magnesium alloys containing Gd on mechanical properties at room temperature and high temperature, and prospected their...
Series: Advances in Engineering Research
Proceedings Article
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg-12Gd-2Y-1Sm-0.5Zr Alloy
Yao Zhou, Quan-an Li, Jun Chen, Qing Zhang, Xiaoya Chen
The microstructure and aging precipitated phases of Mg-12Gd-2Y-1Sm-0.5Zr alloy have been studied by micro-analysis XRD and EDS. Through the analysis it is found that the precipitated phases in the alloy contains Mg24Y5, Mg5Gd and Mg41Sm5. The tensile strength peak of Mg-12Gd-2Y-1Sm-0.5Zr alloy appears...
Series: Advances in Engineering Research
Proceedings Article
Experimental Study of Multistage Rotor in Gravitational Water Vortex Turbine System with Various Gap Placement Positions and Blade Phase-Shift Angles
Muhammad Luthfi, Leo Gunawan, Muhamad Ghozali, Reza Aditya, Saeful Anwar
Gravitational Water Vortex Turbine (GWVT) has the advantage of harnessing hydro flow energy from the low head. Several research have been conducted to optimize the performance of this turbine type, one of which is by applying multistage rotor. This work is to study the effect of gap placement and phase...
Proceedings Article
ReviewGuard: A Unified NLP Framework for Fake Review Detection, Emotion Classification, and Thematic Categorization Using LSTM-based Recurrent Neural Networks
S. K. Hemanathan, Jeyshanth Leo, M. Hamshavardhan
In the landscape of modern digital commerce, user- generated reviews are pivotal in shaping consumer preferences, influencing purchasing behavior, and contributing to brand perception. However, the infiltration of fraudulent or misleading reviews undermines the credibility of such platforms. This paper...
Series: Advances in Engineering Research
Proceedings Article
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AZ81 Magnesium Alloy
Quan-an Li, Xiaoya Chen, Qing Zhang, Jun Chen, Yao Zhou
The microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ81 magnesium alloy have been studied by micro-analysis and tensile tests. The results showed that the alloy mainly consists of -Mg matrix, Mg17Al12. The tensile strength of AZ81 magnesium alloy is measured, The best tensile strength is 258MPa at 20 .
Proceedings Article
A Study of Chinese Pastry Naming Patterns Based on Cognitive Semantics
Lun Xinyu, Zhang Xue
This paper makes quantitative statistics on the naming patterns of Peking and Guang-style pastries and analyzes the similarities and differences between the naming patterns of Peking and Guang-style pastries from the perspective of prototype and interaction in cognitive semantics. Based on the “Event-domain...
Series: Advances in Engineering Research
Proceedings Article
Investigation of Ligustrum lucidum Ait. Seeds Extract as Green Corrosion Inhibitors and Bacteriostatic Agent
Qiang Deng
The extract of Ligustrum lucidum Ait. seeds, as green and eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors, have been investigated on the corrosion inhibition of Q235A steel in 1M hydrochloric acid solution at 60 by weight loss and potentiodynamic polarisation techniques. The inhibition efficiency of the extracts varies...
Series: Advances in Engineering Research
Proceedings Article
Removal of Disinfection By-products Formation Potential by Combination of Preoxidation and Coagulation Sedimentation Processes
Song Chen, Wenyi Dong
Pre-oxidation is widely used to remove synergistically algae, odor and natural organic matter (NOM) for drinking water treatment. Permanganate (KMn₄), ozone (O₃), and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) in combination with polyaluminum chloride (PAC) coagulation for assisting the removal of NOM and disinfection...
Series: Advances in Physics Research
Proceedings Article
Organic Compounds in Paper and Plastic Food Packaging
Li Xie, Jiang Yu, Lu Pei, Xing Zhou, Lu Ren
Additives, printing ink and other chemicals in packaging may influence safety of the food. Standard solutions of eight organic compounds were prepared. By gas chromatography and mass spectrometry technology, benzene, isopropyl alcohol, ethyl acetate, ethyl benzene, cyclohexanone, m/p-Xylene, o-Xylene...
Series: Advances in Engineering Research
Proceedings Article
Study on Operation Parameters Optimization and Denitrification Efficiency of Deep-Bed Denitrification Filter
Xianzhang Zhao, Hongjie Wang, Wenyi Dong, Shilong Jiang
Some areas have raised discharge standards for effluent total nitrogen (TN) concentration in China. However, the main component of effluent TN in the wastewater treatment plant is nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N). This research focuses on TN removal using deep-bed denitrification filter, the hydraulic retention...
Proceedings Article
Analysis of Date Water Toner to Brighten Dry Facial Skin
Novia Restu Windayani, Octaverina Kecvara Pritasari
There are various kinds of facial skin, one of which is a problem for mothers with dry skin due to hyperpigmentation that appears and wrinkles on the face. Dates used in making toners are ajwa dates because they have less sugar content than other types of dates, making them easier in the manufacturing...
Series: Advances in Physics Research
Proceedings Article
The Determination of Negative Voltage during Magnesium Alloy Plasma Process
Xi-Zhi Jiang, Yong-Fu Zhao
Plasma process was carried out on ZK60 Mg alloy to explore the effects of different negative voltage on the characteristics of coatings. Surface and cross-section morphologies, coating thickness and corrosion resistance of coatings were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy disperse...
Proceedings Article
Comparative Analysis of Microfiltration Membrane Pretreatment Materials for Treating Hospital Wastewater
Imam Santosa, Daria Br Ginting, Enro Sujito
In general, hospitals in Indonesia treat wastewater using a biological method, namely an aerobic anaerobic biofilter system. The anaerobic aerobic biofilter Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP) system in the hospital consists of a screen tub, fat catcher tank, initial settling tank, aerobic biofilter pond,...
Proceedings Article
Experimental Study on Water-Salt Migration of Fine Saline Soils under Different Water-Isolation Condition
Wei Mao, Peng Shao, Muhemaier Ruheiyan, Xuejun Liu, Zulin Ren
In the alluvial plain area of the Ush Talar River, there is a widespread distribution of fine saline soils. Due to the special properties of fine saline soils, they are highly prone to issues such as salt heaving, thaw settlement, and mud pumping, which often cause harm to engineering structures. Water-salt...
Series: Advances in Engineering Research
Proceedings Article
The Research on Commercial Opportunity Evaluation Model of Space Debris removal
Junjie Zhou
In this paper, to determine whether an economically attractive opportunity exists in space debris removal industry, we establish a Commercial Opportunity Evaluation Model. Based on costs, risks and benefits models, we formulate an evaluation function: COM=Benefits (1-Risk)-Cost. When is greater than...
Proceedings Article
Oxidation Ditch Algae Reactor (ODAR) for Nutrient and Pathogen Removal in Grey Water System
Aulia Ulfah Farahdiba, Rian Nurrohman, Andisvina Desliani, Any Juliany
Oxidation Ditch Algae Reactor (ODAR) is a wastewater treatment reactor utilizing symbiosis between algal cultures and bacteria. ODAR reactors have large circular basin equipped with aerators. Pathogenic Escherichia coli is believed to mostly live in the contaminated area, which it could influence human...
Series: Advances in Engineering Research
Proceedings Article
Pilot study on secondary effluent of printing and dyeing wastewater by lignite-coke BAF
Xin Jin, Jilin Teng, Ruozheng Li, Can Wang
The secondary effluetn of Printing and Dyeing industry wastewater is a typical low load and refractory wastewater. The COD concentration is between 150-200 mg/L. In this pilot study, the treatment effect of lignite-coke and ceramic filter BAF was investigated. By comparison with the laboratory scale...
Series: Advances in Engineering Research
Proceedings Article
Analysis of the effect of sludge loading on phosphorus removal in SBR wastewater treatment system
Xiaoyan Tian, Ying Lu
Based on SBR we discussed on biological removal phosphorus system. In the reaction temperature at 15 and 25 under the conditions of influent COD/TP ratio and COD load of sludge. Total phosphorus concentration of influent was be constant for 10 ± 0.5mg / L, compared to anaerobic paragraph at the end of...
Proceedings Article
Study on the Factors Affecting Ultrasonic Extraction of Flavonoids from Grapefruit Seed
Qiu Xian, Wang Jing, Lu Minyi, Bi Yongguang
Ultrasonic extraction was studied by using single factor test using ethanol as extract material and ethanol extraction method. The results showed that the factors affecting the extraction of flavonoids from grapefruit were in the order of ratio of material to liquid, ultrasonic power, extraction time...
Series: Advances in Physics Research
Proceedings Article
Research of Micro-alloyed Microstructure and Composition in X80 Pipeline Steel for High Heat Input Welding
Jian-Ming Wang, Yan Liu, Kai Wang, Yang Liu
The characteristic of chemical composition of X80 pipeline steel, the microstructure and the existing problems under the condition of high heat input welding were introduced in this paper. The micro-alloyed process of Nb, Ti, V elements in X80 pipeline steel and the influence on the mechanical properties...
Series: Advances in Physics Research
Proceedings Article
Research on Acicular Ferrite Nucleation Induced by Inclusions in Pipeline Steel Welding Heat Affected Zone
Jian-Ming Wang, Yan Liu, Kai Wang, Yang Liu
In this paper, the acicular ferrite nucleation induced by inclusions in pipeline steel welding heat affected zone is researched, including the acicular ferrite nucleation induced by the in-situ reaction inclusions, the acicular ferrite nucleation induced by the formed inclusions after the micro-alloying...
Series: Advances in Engineering Research
Proceedings Article
Effects of Continuous Shade Stress during Procreation Growth Stage on Isoflavone and Lignin Accumulation in Developing Soybean Seed
Wen-Ting Qin, Cai-Qiong Yang, Zheng Lei, Wen-Yu Yang, Jing Zhang, Jiang Liu
A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of continuous shade stress during procreation growth stage on isoflavone and lignin accumulation in developing soybean seed. The results showed that continuous shade stress during procreation growth stage could improve the isoflavone and lignin accumulation,...
Series: Advances in Engineering Research
Proceedings Article
Comparison of Magnesium Olivine Phosphorous Removal Characteristics in Different Temperature Firing
Jingpeng Li, Mingzhe Wang, Yitao Hu, Jialin Yang, Zaizhou Xu, Tianjiao Luo
As a kind of magnesium rich material, magnesium olivine has been proved to be a kind of artificial wetland substrate, which has a good effect on phosphorus removal. Therefore, it selected firing of the magnesium olivine under the 800 , 1000 , 1600 as the research object. The characteristics of phosphorus...
Series: Advances in Engineering Research
Proceedings Article
In Vitro Reproduction and Ex Vitro Adaptation of Complex Resistant Grape Varieties
A.A. Batukayev, D.О. Palaeva, М.S. Batukaev, E.А. Sobralieva
The research object is complex-resistant grape varieties. Intensively growing green shoots of grapes were taken as initial samples which were cut into single-eye cuttings and then meristems were extracted in laminar boxes. Experiments have shown that regeneration of shoots from extracted apexes occurred...
Series: Advances in Engineering Research
Proceedings Article
Effect of GA3 on breaking dormancy of Zizyphus jujuba 'Zhanshanmizao' and its effect on antioxidants
Xingyu Long, Mengwei Chen, Yan Zhou, Jie Zhou, Qunxian Deng
We used the 7-year-old Zizyphus jujuba 'Zhanshanmizao' as a test material, and sprayed three different concentrations of GA3(50 mg/L, 100 mg/L and 200 mg/L) to it on January 30, 2017. The dynamic changes of antioxidant substances (SOD, POD, O2- and MDA) were measured after the management in order to...
Series: Advances in Engineering Research
Proceedings Article
The study of SA on breaking forced dormancy of Ziziphus jujuba ‘Zhanshanmizao’ and the effects on fruit quality
Guojing Cai, Jie Zhou, Yan Zhou, Qunxian Deng
7-year-old trees of Ziziphus jujuba ‘Zhanshanmizao’ were used to study physiological indexes. Using SA spray the trees with different concentrations in January 30 th, 2017. Study the changes of water, Organic nutrients (starch, soluble sugar, soluble protein, and free amino acid) and antioxidant system...
Series: Advances in Engineering Research
Proceedings Article
EDTA-assisted phytoremediation of cadmium contaminated soil by Solanum nigrum L.
Yuqi Li, Xin Pei, Jianyong Li, YongLin Sun, Ying Liang, Yansong Ao
A pot experiment was performed to study the effect of EDTA (0, 1.5, 5.0 mmol/kg) on the cadmium (Cd) accumulation ability of Solanum nigrum L. grown in different Cd-contaminated soils (0, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg). Meanwhile, soil Cd mobility was evaluated. Results showed that there were significant...
Proceedings Article
Bibliometric Analysis: Research Trends of Simulation Game Utilization in Self-Regulated Learning (2013 - 2023)
Wening Primaestri, Muhammad Akhyar, Leo Agung
Self-Regulated Learning (SRL) is a person’s ability to understand and control the learning environment which includes goal-setting, self-monitoring, self-instruction and self-reinforcement. The development of these abilities enables students to learn more effectively as they can set clear goals for themselves...
Research Article
Statistical and Machine Learning Approaches for Clinical Decision on Drug Usage in Diabetes with Reference to Competence and Safeness
S. Appavu Alias Balamurugan, K. R. Saranya, S. Sasikala, G. Chinthana
Pages: 859 - 868
Diabetes is a chronic disease that requires patient-centered treatment. The physician strategy for treatment of diabetes varies from one patient to another. Using the clinical parameters and the evidence of diabetes at various group of people are to be treated with the drugs that provide significant...
Series: Advances in Engineering Research
Proceedings Article
Grain Refinement Effect of Sb on Mg-5Y-3Sm-0.8Ca Alloy
Qing Zhang, Jun Chen, Quan-An Li
The grain refinement effect and related strengthening of alloying element Sb on as-cast Mg-5Y-3Sm-0.8Ca (wt.%) alloy were investigated by microstructure observation, theoretic calculation and tensile tests. The results showed that Mg3Sb2 phase with high melting point is formed in the alloy after Sb addition....
Series: Advances in Physics Research
Proceedings Article
Effect of Calcium and Magnesium Addition on the Inclusions in the Cast Microstructure of HSLA Steel
Yan Liu, Kai Wang, Yang Liu, Jian-Ming Wang
A new technology to obtain a fine-structured and high-toughness HAZ of HSLA steel for high heat input welding is developed using metallurgical thermodynamics, physical chemistry of metallurgy and material processing methods synthetically in this study. A kind of HSLA steel is designed in this experiment....
Series: Advances in Engineering Research
Proceedings Article
Mg-Doped CdTeO3 Quantum Dot Sensitized Solar Cells
Yuanyuan Li, Xiaoping Zou, Chuan Zhao
To study the influence of doping on p-type solar cells, we use the p-type NiO/CdTeO3 structure to fabricate Mg-doped CdTeO3 quantum dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs), by doping CdTeO3-sensitized NiO photocathode with dopant element Mg. When the doping ratio of Mg is 1:30 and the successive ionic layer...
Series: Advances in Physics Research
Proceedings Article
Effect of Calcium and Magnesium Addition on the Cast Microstructure of HSLA Steel
Yan Liu, Kai Wang, Yang Liu, Jian-Ming Wang
Using the oxide of high melting-point and high stability to pin the grain boundaries is an effective method to improve the welding performance of the HSLA steel in this study. A kind of HSLA steel is designed in this experiment. The thermal stability second phase particles which would not be dissolved...
Series: Advances in Engineering Research
Proceedings Article
Influence of Extraction Solvents on Capsaicin Compound and Cytotoxic Activity of Piper retrofractum Vahl
Kirana Anggraini, Dyah Ayu Woro Setyaningrum, Laela Wulansari, Hening Tyas Andayani, Laviany Putri Shihran, Isra Fauziyyah
Capsaicin (8-Methyl-N-vanillyl-trans-6-nonenamide) is an active compound found in plants from the genus Capsicum. Genus capsium posseses different species of red chilli (Capsicum annuum Linn), green chilli (Capsicum annuum var.annuum) and other varieties that are familiar in Indonesia. However, the plants...
Series: Advances in Engineering Research
Proceedings Article
Effect of "Zaofengling" on Fruit Retention and Quality of Zizyphus Jujuba ‘Zhanshanmizao’
Qi Feng, Houyong Zeng, Tao Tao, Huifen Zhang
To study the effects of "Zaofengling" on the fruit retention and quality of Zizyphus Jujuba ‘Zhanshanmizao’, the experiment measured the fruit drop rate and quality of Z. Jujuba ‘Zhanshanmizao’ by using different concentrations of "Zaofengling". The results showed that "Zaofengling" could reduce the...
Series: Advances in Engineering Research
Proceedings Article
Microwave-assisted Preparation of Amino Modification Montmorillonite and the Capturing Performance of Carbon Dioxide
Na Li, Zhebin Yu, Zhanghao Chen
The amino modification montmorillonite was prepared using the cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide as modifier by the microwave irradiation and common heating method. According to the analysis of infrared spectra, scanning electron microscope and specific surface area, it is found that the larger amount...
Series: Advances in Engineering Research
Proceedings Article
Biosorption of chromium by the spores of Aspernigillus niger
Binqiao Ren, Yuting Zhang, Luyang Zhao, Xiaochen Zhang, Fengju Ouyang, Hongwei Zhang
Quite a number of reports are available on metal binding capacity of different groups of microorganisms. However, reports on the fungal spores are quite inadequate. In the present study the effect of Aspergillums niger spores dosage, initial solution pH and adsorption temperature on the uptake of Cr...
Series: Advances in Engineering Research
Proceedings Article
Photocatalytic Characteristic of Fe-doped Tio2 with Phenol
Jingzheng Weng, Kaikai Zhang, Jiewei Huang, Feng Gao, Lihui Chen, Renhui Qiu
Fe doped TiO2 particles were synthesized by sol-gel method. This gel was dried at 70 during 2 hours and afterwards was calcined at 450 during 4 h. Under calcinations at 450 (4 h), catalyst particle with an average diameter around 59 nm and monophasic anatase structure were obtained. The 0.3wt% Fe/TiO2...
Series: Advances in Engineering Research
Proceedings Article
Influence of controlled freezing-point temperature on the freshness and taste of pickled and dried grass carp
LiYan Cai, JinQing Wan
Pickling and drying can help aquatic products with their flavor which is highly related to temperature. Taking grass carp fillets as the research objects, quality changes were studied during pickling, drying and storage under controlled freezing-point temperature (CFT:-0.5ñ0.5 ) and 12ñ0.5 . Results...
Series: Advances in Engineering Research
Proceedings Article
Study on the reverse osmosis in concentrating phosphorus from simulated biogas slurry
Xiaofeng Bai, Zifu Li, Xuemei Wang, Shikun Cheng, Xue BAI
Biogas slurry as an inevitable outcome of biogas project contains a lot of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus. In order to solve the difficulties in storage of biogas slurry and recycle the nutrients, phosphorus from simulated biogas slurry was concentrated by reverse osmosis membrane. Economic...
Proceedings Article
Effect of Sterilization on Protein Adsorption of Micro- and Nano-sized Aluminum Hydroxide Adjuvant
Damai Ria Setyawati, Sjaikhurrizal El Muttaqien, Donny Ramadhan, Etik Mardliyati
Aluminum hydroxide (AH) is one of the aluminum-based adjuvants that forms needle-like crystalline structure with the average particle size of 1–20 µm. Due to their favorable safety profile, AH adjuvant has been used widely in various human vaccine in diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, hepatitis, and papilloma...
Proceedings Article
Identification and Solvent Extraction-Sedimentation Removal of Metallic Elements in Coal Tar Pitch
Lijuan Gao, Xiaojun Zheng, Yaming Zhu, Xuefe Zhao
Refined pitches were obtained by distillation and solvent extraction with raw materials of the high temperature coal tar and medium-temperature pitch, respectively. Modified pitches were achieved by air oxidation treatment of refined pitches. Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES)...
Series: Advances in Engineering Research
Proceedings Article
Effect of Extraction Solvent on Extraction Yield, Cytotoxic Activity and Bioactive Compound in Zingiber officinale Roscoe var rubrum
Kirana Anggraini, Dyah Ayu Woro Setyaningrum, Laela Wulansari, Hening Tyas Andayani, Laviany Putri Shihran, Isra Fauziyyah
Red ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe var rubrum) is a commonly used spice in Indonesia. It contains various chemical constituents, such as phenolic compounds, terpenes, polysaccharides, lipids, organic acids, and fiber. The health benefits of ginger are mainly related to its phenolic compounds, such...
Series: Advances in Engineering Research
Proceedings Article
The Influence of Environment on the Hydrous Ferric Oxide Composite Resin Adsorption of -Naphthalene Sulfonic Acid
Fenggang Li, Peng Yan, Caixia Ju, Ningning Li, Yanan Li, Yu Zhang, Fengbin Zheng, Changhai Li
A new type of macroporous weakly basic anion exchange resin (HFO D301R) was used to adsorption of naphthalene sulfonic acid in different environments. The effects of temperature, salt concentration and pH value of the solution on HFO- naphthalene sulfonic acid resin adsorption effect were studied The...
Proceedings Article
Effects of Nitrogen Application Levels on Leaf Yield and Nutrient Uptake of Moringa oleifera under Mowing Condition
Lina Huang, Shimin Cheng, Zhenrong Yang, Zengxian Zhao, Zisi Xie, Shouxing Wei
Taking Indian Moringa oleifera as the object, using pot experiment, setting different nitrogen application levels under the mowing conditions,the most appropriate nitrogen fertilizer application was determined by analysing the effects of different nitrogen application levels on the dry matter and uptake...
Series: Advances in Engineering Research
Proceedings Article
Electrospun Cellulose Acetate Nanofibrous Mat as the Tissue Scaffold
Miao Cheng, Yunfeng Qin, Pengfei Qian, Zongyi Qin
The cellulose acetate (CA) nanofibrous mat was fabricated by electrospinning under optimized spinning conditions in this work. The morphology, chemical structure, thermal stability and hydrophilic property of as-prepared CA nanofibrous mat were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform...
Proceedings Article
Antifungal Combination of Miconazole and Sulfur for the Treatment of Dermatophytosis
Dwi Endrawati, Ermayati Ermayati, Suherman Suherman, Eni Kusumaningtyas, Riza Z. Ahmad
Dermatophytosis is a fungal infection of keratinized tissue (skin, hair, and nails) caused by three genera of dermatophytes: Epidermophyton, Microsporum, and Trichophyton. Dermatophytosis is a zoonotic disease that easily spreads to other animals as well as to humans. Long treatment will give great loss...
Proceedings Article
The Potency of Piperine as Magnesium Bioenhancer in Mice Lung
Tri Yuliani, Hikmat Hikmat, Indah D. Dewijanti, Rizna T. Dewi, Marissa Angelina, Sofa Fajriah, Instiaty Instiaty
Magnesium (Mg) deficiency is found in many disease conditions ranging from infectious diseases to degenerative diseases. In COVID-19, magnesium deficiency is associated with susceptibility to infection and the development of severe infections. In this disease, magnesium has been suggested to play a role...
Proceedings Article
Morphology and Porosity of Fe3O4@SiO2 Core-Shell: Adsorption for Heavy Metal Pb(II)
M. Munasir, Novi Setyaningsih, Sari Yanasin, Zainul Arifin Imam Supardi
The Analysis of morphology, porosity and absorption of Fe3O4 nano particles coated with SiO2-NPs has been carried out; use polyethelen glycol as a core for forming core-shell Fe3O4@ SiO2/PEG. SiO2-NPs is prepared from quartz sand by hydrothermal and coprecipitation methods; Fe3O4-NPs have been prepared...
Proceedings Article
Tolstoy in Italian Criticism
Maria Volodina
This article, continuing the series of publications of the author on the subject “Tolstoy in Italy”, presents the material on the problem of apprehension of Leo Tolstoy’s work by the Italian literary criticism of the 50–70th of the 20th century. In Italy and other countries, the name of Leo Tolstoy,...