Hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor of cardiovascular disease. Hypercholesterolemia is a condition that the cholesterol levels in the body exceed the normal limits. The main factor that causes high cholesterol levels in the body is a high-cholesterol diet. The provision of high-cholesterol diet...

Goitrogenic a substance that can inhibit the taking of iodine by the thyroid gland, so that the concentration of iodine in the thyroid to be low., is characterized by the inflammation in the gland thyroid area caused an excessive of free radicals. An excessive of free radicals in the body cause oxidative...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by a chronic recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract . The environmental factors affecting IBD include diet, the use of antibiotics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and stress. All of which can directly or indirectly affect...

In general, a bacterium such as Escherichia coli produces a kind of toxic protein which can disrupt intestinal wall. Livestock reacts to these toxins by pumping lots of water into the intestine in order to rinse or flush these toxins. As a result, the livestocks have diarrhea as a body response to remove...

The extract of leaf Ficus lyrata Warb has potential as antimicrobial agents, because it contains bioactive components such as polyphenols, tannin and triterpenoid that can inhibit the growth of microbials. The maceration extraction method was used in this study using water as solvent agents, to extract...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a disease that is mediated by the immune system that affects the gastrointestinal tract, especially the colon mucosa. This disease will cause diarrhea and mucosal damage. In general, IBD is caused by viruses and bacteria that infect the gastrointestinal tract, but...

The 3-(10-bromodecyl)-5-isopropyl-2-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone (1) have been synthesized and structurally characterized by mass spectrometer (LC-MS), FT-IR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectra. The synthesis was carried out by refluxed Thymoquinone (TQ) with bromoundecanoic acid in the presence of acetonitrile:water...

Bats are reported as natural reservoir host of several viruses, many of which cause severe human disease. Infected bats usually do not show any clinical symptoms and persistently infected. Bats immunity against viruses is an evolutional process of self-defense created by ecological adaptation between...

Flying foxes have been considered to be involved in the transmission of serious infectious diseases to humans.This study aimed to know the direct and/or indirect contacts of flying foxes that live in the Indonesian natural conservation area, with domestic animals and humans living in the surrounding...

Before outbreaks of avian influenza (AI) among commercial laying duck in Central Java in 2012, duck were considered as reservoir of this virus, the outbreaks reveals that duck were also susceptible for AI infection. The outbreaks among laying ducks in 2012 were caused by AIV subtype H5N1 clade 2.3.2,,...

Avian Influenza virus (AIV) have caused significant economic losses in poultry sector worldwide. Results of genetic mapping showed that circulating AIV in Indonesia were belong to clade 2.1.1, 2.1.2, 2.1.3 and 2.3.2, however the AIV subtype were merely H5N1.Our study aim to identify the hemagglutinin...

This study aims to determine whether a physical activity such as hunting wild boars has effects on erythrocyte counts, haemoglobin concentration, and haematocrit values of local dogs (Canis familiaris)in Tabek Panjang, Baso Subdistrict, West Sumatera, Indonesia. The study used ten healthy male local...

Live vaccines group was the first to be studied, due to the fact that live parasites reduce further reinfection. The development of vaccine to control coccidiosis caused by E. maxima and E. tenella in chickens is intensifying because of the increasing threat of drug resistance to anticoccidial agents....

About 75% of contagious diseases in the world are classified as zoonoses. One among wild animals suspected to spread the disease is bat. Bats have an important role in the spreading of viral diseases. Fruit bat is among bat species that may potentially transmit diseases to human. The transmission of...

Haematological profile is important to determine the physiological condition of an individual, and morphology of red blood cells can also be helpful in making a diagnosis of a disease. The size of red blood cells affects the ability of red blood cells to carry oxygen. In some clinical events shape and...

Running business in group, in Indonesian is Sentra Peternakan Rakyat (SPR), which are sustainably running business together is the hope for all the farmers and also the government to meet the needs of national meats. In the past, some of farmers must disband and terminate its business due to wrong strategy...

Tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) is the most important cultured fish in the 21 century and Indonesia is the country's second largest tilapia producer after China. It make Indonesia should be more concerned with any possible attack diseases that can infect both from the class of parasites, fungi, bacteria, and...

Breeding system in goats in Indonesia applying had two models of breeding with owned bucks by breeders or breeding assisted by bucks selected from the government in the form of frozen semen. Problems interesting note was how the genetic variation of the population of the goat. The purpose of this study...

Sunda porcupine (Hystrix javanica) is one among the wild mammals of Indonesia. The porcupine skin shows peculiar appearance by the presence of quills, spine like structure, instead of hair, that commonly found in mammals. On the other hand, our previous preeliminary study observed a relatively quick...

Endoglucanase is an enzyme initiating hydrolysis of cellulose. The enzyme has been applied in various fields, such as medicine and food. Previous research has been isolated cellulolytic bacteria that are capable to produce endoglucanase, i.e. Bacillus brevis and Bacillus cereus from bekatul. Determination...

Minor procedures which are not painfull but require the animal to be relatively immobile may be performed with the aid of a sedative. In practical terms, sedative agent cause some degree of drowsiness until lost of consciousness. Xylazine used as a sedative and anaesthetic induction by inhibiting the...

Newcastle disease (ND) is a highly contagious disease of poultry worldwide, caused by Newcastle Disease virus (NDV), also kown as Avian Paramyxovirus Type1 (OIE. 2012). Despite vaccination, outbreaks of ND in vaccinated chicken flocks in Indonesia have been regularly reported. The emergence of new virulent...

As a producer of milk, dairy cows must be in good health condition. This study was aimed to assess the influence of hand milking at difference lactation and udder quarter towards teat end condition and hyperkeratosis on dairy cattle in Kunak Bogor and Pasir Jambu Bandung. Object used in the study are...

Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis, in Indonesian is binahong, is a creeping plant with a length can reach 6 meters. Binahong originated from the United Stated and be classified in Family Basellaceae. In Indonesia, binahong often be used for traditional medicines to treat diabetes, relieve shortness...

The use of herbal plants are widely knows to be used in the treatment of various infectious diseases throughout the history of mankind. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of extract Muntingia Calabura L at different storage (refrigerator vs. room temperature) and time duration (0,2,4,6,8...