Premature fusion of cranial sutures is called craniosynostosis. The prevalence of this condition is approximately 1 in 2100 to 1 in 2500 births. In approximately 20% of cases, mutations in single genes can be identified as causative agents of craniosynostosis. The most common form of craniosynostosis...

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by airway obstruction and hyper-responsiveness. It is a complex disorder influenced by genetic and en-vironmental factors, which contribute to the clinical manifestations of asthma. Asthma may affect the lower respiratory tract, causing epithelial...

Dental treatment is often associated with pain, fear, and anxiety. Unfortunately, children with dental anxiety tend to resist dental treatment and behave uncooper-atively during dental procedures. Dental treatment is known to be stressful and is often associated with a physiological response; therefore,...

Appearance is important in social interactions and are very subjective. The pa-tients’ demand is crucial to achieve successful esthetic results. Demographic background may be one of the contributing factors that lead to such a demand. Orofacial Esthetic Scale (OES) has been developed to measure these...

This pilot study analyzed the relationship between habitual mouth breathing and malocclusion in patients diagnosed with upper airway obstruction. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted by consecutive sampling of chil-dren/adolescents with allergic rhinitis, rhinosinusitis, and adenoid hypertrophy....

Radon radiation impairs saliva secretion and lowers normal pH levels, which in turn alters the balance of normal oral microflora and leads to caries progression. The aim of this research is to determine the acidity level (pH) of saliva of people living in high radon level areas and its correlation with...

Oral health plays a major role in an individual’s well-being, affecting all aspects of quality of life: esthetics, function, and speech. Abnormalities in oral health may disrupt any or all of these aspects. One of the challenging and most common dental anomalies found in daily practice is congenital...

Ankyloglossia is an autosomal dominant condition with in complete penetrence, haracterized by frenulum lingual hypertrophy that produces a thicker and shorter tongue, which may cause significant problems with breastfeeding. It also causes speech and oral motor problems. The prevalence of ankyloglossia...

Surgical treatment for patients with cleft lip aims at restoring facial balance and harmony. Cronin method labioplasty in patients with unilateral cleft lip and pal-ate (UCLP) produces symmetrical lips with minimal scarring. This study evaluates lip symmetry following Cronin method labioplasty in patients...

The importance of lips in influencing facial profile quality is now a major consid-eration in the surgical treatment of patients with cleft lips. Orbicularis oris recon-struction is important in the Cronin method of labioplasty in order to balance up-per lip growth. This study evaluates upper- and lower...

Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome (PJS) is one of the inherited syndromes associated with polyposis. It is characterized by mucocutaneous pigmentation, especially in the vermilion border of the lips and gastrointestinal tract. This is known as hamartomatous polyposis. The disease results from an autosomal dominant...

Radon is a radioactive substance derived from a uranium compound, it is odor-less and colorless. It can radiate an alfa beam which is capable of damaging the performance of the salivary gland causing decreased saliva volume. This dimin-ishes the self-cleansing ability of the teeth and encourages the...

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are one of the main occupational health haz-ards affecting dental practitioners and result in discomfort, pain, and illness that can result in disruption or impairment of dental practice. The objective of this study is to discover the description of MSD among dental practitioners...

Crouzon’s syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by a distinctive malfor-mation of the skull and facial region resulting from the premature fusion of the cranial sutures, abnormal growth of bones, and facial deformities caused by the underdevelopment of the midfacial region and hypertelorism. This...

The objective of this study is to determine factors associated with gingivitis in 10-year-old Vietnamese school children. A cross-sectional study consisted of 1,079 children matched for age 10-year-old who were randomly selected from 16 public schools in Ho Chi Minh City, 2015 applying PPS (Probability...

Cherubism, characterized by bone resorption limited to either side of the jaws, is a rare bone dysplasia that leads to facial swelling. The swelling is symmetrical, hard, and painless. The disorder typically begins in childhood and then slowly deceler-ates, stopping at puberty. Studies have reported...

The curve of Spee is an important characteristic in the mandibular arch. An opti-mal occlusion must have a curve of Spee ranging from flat to mild. Therefore, an understanding of the curve of Spee is essential for both diagnosis and treatment planning in orthodontics. The aim of this study was to examine...

Nasal deformity in cleft lip patients is caused by nasal septum deviation, alar car-tilage distortion, and unparalleled maxillar and alveolar bones due to a widening of the palate. Additional rhinoplasty when using the labioplasty method is a solu-tion to achieving nostril symmetry in unilateral cleft...

The objective of this study is to determine the correlation between periodontitis and obesity in patients reporting at the Tradi-tional Medicine Institute in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. This cross-sectional study sample consisted of 679 adult patients aged between 18 and 83 years who visited examination...

Primary defects in the development of two or more ectoderm-derived tissues are shared by a rare heterogeneous group of inherited disorders called ectodermal dysplasia (ED) syndrome. The affected tissues are primarily the hair, skin, teeth, sweat glands, and nails. The most common phenotype of ED is hypohidrotic...

Body Mass Index (BMI) and blood pressure have become the subjects of epide-miological studies. Both BMI and blood pressure have a parallel relationship. Usually, as BMI increases, both systolic and diastolic blood pressures increase. The purpose of this research is to discover the relationship between...

Analysis of the facial profile is required for diagnosis and treatment planning in orthodontics. The Mongoloid Chinese race tends to have a flat facial profile and a more prominent zygomatic arch. The aim of this study was to identify the facial profile of Chinese high school students at W.R. Supratman...

Introduction: Periodontal disease can be divided into gingivitis and periodontitis. In oral tissue, polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) are the first defense against pathogenic microorganisms. Activated PMNs produce large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that cause the destruction of periodontal...