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A Software Product Line (SPL) is a collection of software for configuring software products in which sets of features are configured by different teams of product developers. This process often leads to inconsistencies (or dissatisfaction of constraints) in the resulting product configurations, whose...

A family of fuzzy mappings is called higher-order strongly preinvex fuzzy mappings (HOS-preinvex fuzzy mappings), which take the place of generalization of the notion of nonconvexity is introduced through the “fuzzy-max” order among fuzzy numbers. This family properly includes the family of preinvex...

It is well known that the concept of convexity establishes strong relationship with integral inequality for single-valued and interval-valued function. The single-valued function and interval-valued function both are special cases of fuzzy interval-valued function. The aim of this paper is to introduce...

The q-rung orthopair fuzzy set (qROFS) defined by Yager is a generalization of Atanassov intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS) and Pythagorean fuzzy sets (PyFSs). In this paper, we define the knowledge measure for qROFS by using the cosine inverse function. The information precision and information content...

After finishing their senior secondary studies, a majority of students face confusion about what to choose as a career path and take an ample amount of time to decide on it. Traditional counseling methods fail to provide personalized, data-driven recommendations. So many uncertainties and so much more...

Spherical fuzzy sets, originally proposed by F.K. Gündogdu, C. Kahraman, Spherical fuzzy sets and spherical fuzzy TOPSIS method, J. Intell. Fuzzy Syst. 36 (2019), 337–352, can handle the information of type: yes, no, abstain and refusal, owing to the feature of broad space of admissible triplets. This...

It is well known that convexity and nonconvexity develop a strong relationship with different types of integral inequalities. Due to the importance of the concept of nonconvexity and integral inequality, in this paper, we present some new classes of preinvex fuzzy-interval-valued functions involving...

Motil encourages on-time recovery of the patient during hospital stay because good clinical outcome and cost-effectiveness go hand in hand. With this approach, individual recovery strategies are generated using daily patient data. Using a Random Forest classifier, we leverage ML to investigate predictive...

Cardiovascular disease continues to be a primary cause of death globally, highlighting the need for the creation of precise and effective prediction models for early detection. This research assesses the efficacy of multiple machine learning algorithms, including Decision Tree (DT), Support Vector Machine...

This study aimed to find out intrinsic elements, types of dyslexia, and teaching strategies for child with dyslexia in the movie entitled taree zameen par. The research method used in this study is content analysis method. The source of data is the movie of Taree Zameen Par by amir khan. Method of collecting...

Person detection in real videos and images is a classical research problem in computer vision. Person detection is a nontrivial problem that offers many challenges due to several nuisances that commonly observed in natural videos. Among these, scale is the main challenging problem in various object detection...

The term of Building Information Modelling (BIM) has become ubiquitous in construction industry of China. The purpose of this study is to investigate implementation of BIM in construction industry in China, including the BIM strategy, the BIM standards, and the projects that utilized BIM and so on. The...

Sufism usually perceived as only talking or dealing with spiritual matters, basically expressing serving to mankind, and therefore, it should be examined with Islam and women rights. This articles applies the concept of Islamic feminism to analyze women’s rights in the Sufi literature. The paper presents...

This work presents experimental testing of the mechanical performance of components produced by additive manufacturing, particularly fused deposition modelling (FDM). The research focused on comparative studies related single-material and dual-material constructions. Four categories of specimens were...

Accurately identifying Parkinson’s disease and distinguishing between its variations remains a significant challenge for traditional machine learning (ML) models due to the limited availability of labelled data, feature redundancy, and poor generalization across complex biomedical patterns. Conventional...

The aim of this study is to assess whether the effect of gender on the excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is influenced by two confounders (age and hours of sleep per night). A cross-sectional study was conducted at King Abdulaziz Medical City-Riyadh (KAMC-R). A total of 2095 respondents answered a questionnaire...

Artificial Intelligence plays a vital role in generating Text that is used in our daily lives. However, the rapidly increasing usefulness of AI technology is a concern, according to need. This includes biases in the response of the generative AI. There are lots of generative AI that contribute to generating...

The purpose of this study is to analyse the perceived impact of outsourcing services including construction works like Electrical, Heating/Ventilating/Airconditioning, Transportation and Civil on organizational performance in construction industry atKarachi.This research is explanatory in nature based...

The present study aims to determine the prevalence of self-reported sleep duration and sleep habits and their associated factors in patients with type 2 diabetes in Trinidad. This was a cross-sectional multicenter study. There were 291 patients with type 2 diabetes studied. Sleep habits were assessed...

Background: Hemodynamic monitoring is an integral part of a cardiac catheterization procedure; however it is prone to many distortions, including damping and resonance [1]. Objectives: We sought to compare damping ratio, ascending aortic pressure waveform and invasive blood pressure between Manifold...

Theft and loss of personal belongings continue to be a grievous problem in Bangladesh, more so in heavily populated cities like Dhaka and Chittagong. Most of the tracking solutions are either expensive, fragmented, or poorly suited to the local infrastructure and user behaviors of this region. This paper...

Leaf disease detection uses a technology that can identify the disease of a leaf or plant and, in response, provide the best solution to overcome the disease in order to provide us with an appropriate remedy that can be utilized as a defensive mechanism against the disease identified. Agriculture being...

Currently, rural communities need economic independence. By having economic independence, rural communities can improve their standard of living to create a prosperous society. With the potential of natural resources as a catfish center village that has not been maximized, the creative industry is an...

The development of students is often marked by the success of achieving student achievement in school. The achievement is often used as one of the benchmarks of the success and performance of a school. However, it is possible that on the other hand the development of students is also influenced by family...

Decision making implies selection of the best decision from a set of possible options. In some cases, this selection is based on past experience. Past experience is used to analyse the situations and the choice made in these situations. The aim of this work is to analyse the strength of the nonlinear...

Bridging the gap between physical farm assistance and expert agronomic advice remains an unsolved challenge. We present Amigo-Agri, an integrated platform combining a low-cost, human-following mobile robot with a retrieval-augmented voice assistant. The system splits responsibilities: a smartphone handles...

The growing use of search engines business surveys, market updates, news reports, patients medical records etc., the use of automatic manuscript summarization is becoming more and more popular. In this process, the original data is compressed without changing its meaning. It is a growing field of Natural...

To support complex city systems, including transportation, energy distribution, citizen security, and environmental surveillance, smart city infrastructure is increasingly dependent on artificial intelligence. Although reinforcement learning can be used to make adaptive judgments in such settings, conventional...

Accurate fruit ripeness detection plays a vital role in ensuring food quality, minimizing waste, and supporting automation in agriculture. This research investigates deep learning techniques for classifying the ripeness of three fruits—apples, bananas, and oranges—into fresh, unripe, and rotten categories....

This paper presents the implementation of an autonomous mobile manipulator robot using Robot Operating System (ROS) as middleware. Jetson nano 2GB is utilized as the onboard computer which runs Ubuntu 18.04 OS in which ROS is installed. ROS navigation stack is setup and configured for the robot navigation....

Tea is a widely consumed beverage with significant health benefits, influenced by its volatile and bioactive compounds. This study analyses the volatile profiles and bioactive components of four Bangladeshi clonal black tea varieties BT1, BT2, BT4, and TV23 using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry...

The handicraft industry forms a crucial base for rural economies, cultural heritage preservation, and job creation across India. Specifically, Assam’s Barpeta district is noted for its deep-rooted heritage in cane and bamboo craft. This tradition is essential not only for safeguarding indigenous culture...

In recent years, the boom in social media sites such as Facebook and Twitter has brought people together for the sharing of opinions, sentiments, emotions, and experiences about products, events, politics, and other topics. In particular, sentiment-based applications are growing in popularity among individuals...

Better methods of forecasting the concentrations of air pollution are important in developmental of sound policies and decisions at a time when environmental concerns and the need for mitigating climate change has become important. This paper describes how climate pollution can be predicted from climate...

The ready-made garment (RMG) industry is vital for developing nations as it generates employment, attracts foreign investment, and boosts revenue. However, this industry suffers from inefficiencies due to significant waste generation. Numerous defects in products lead to quality degradation, increased...

The Yunnan Tibetan Area refers to the Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province. It is the Yunnan Tibetan Area in "Tibet and the Tibetan Areas of the Four Provinces (Qinghai, Sichuan, Yunnan, and Gansu)" mentioned in the Sixth Tibet Work Symposium. During the long-term history of evolution,...

Traffic Sign Recognition (TSR) is an important part of the Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) to guarantee intelligent vehicle safety. Correct interpretation of traffic signs can thus make humans response less prone to mistake, preventing accidents and in general increase the safety of traffic....

This study examines the relations among ethical leadership, affective and cognitive trust, job engagement, and employee’ Innovation. Four hundred thirty dam employees working in Pakistan were surveyed to collect data. Using PLS structural equation modeling, we have discovered a strong and statistically...

This article aims to analyze Satyamev Jayate which was produced and hosted by Bollywood filmmaker and actor Aamir Khan. Satyamev Jataye was a series of TV talk show, which focused on sensitive social issues and national conversation. It was prevailing in India since its premier in 2014 and brought a...

Deep vision models can perform very well on clean test sets but still break down when inputs are corrupted by noise, blur, or occlusion. We introduce Dynamic Region-Aware Gradient Suppression (DRAGS), a lightweight training-time mechanism that suppresses gradients from spatial regions detected as noisy...

COVID-19 pandemic has hard hit not only global economy but also the education sector. The sudden shift to online education not only threw technological challenges but posed some serious privacy and security concerns as well. When online classes became the new normal for not only universities and high...

This study aims to examine the KSAO (knowledge, skills, abilities, other attributes) profile of students at Guizhou City Vocational College and its relation to graduation expectations, assessing its alignment with modern professional needs. The research included 274 students selected through random sampling....

In recent years, various industries have been experiencing a notable increase in the use of machine learning for object recognition, resulting in the development of different methods and technologies. Thermal detection technology is one such aspect that uses thermal images captured from objects to determine...

It is critical to develop secure software with long-term performance and capability to withstand and forestall the growing competition in the software development industry. To enhance the potential of Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability (CIA), a mechanism is required to built in and secure the...

As new clean energy technologies such as wind turbines, solar trackers, micro-hydro energy units, and energy storage systems become more accessible, the need for new, lightweight, high-performance, and eco-friendly materials becomes more critical. Conventional subtractive manufacturing methods are not...

User authentication in wireless sensor networks (WSN) is critical due to their unattended and even hostile deployment in the field. The open environment of WSN requires mechanisms which prevent unauthorized user from accessing the information from WSN. Recently, M.L.Das proposed a two-factor user authentication...

In the last decade, information and communications technology (ICT) has grown very rapidly. One of the most notable developments in ICT is the emergence of online commerce. The online commerce scene has gotten very crowded, very rapidly, and thus raised the level of competition. In the midst of it all,...

In recent years, the increase in mental disorders among university students has raised concerns about the effects that these disorders have on an individual’s life and the community as a whole. Depression, being the most prevalent mental illness, is being tackled via various methodologies. However, in...

Taxation department of Pakistan collects and keeps record of legislated taxes imposed by governments. Pakistan is among those countries which still maintain records of taxations in registers, thus maintaining immutability of records is really hard. Tax records have great risk of being lost or altered...