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IETF has specified Mobile IPv4 and Mobile IPv6 in RFC3344 and RFC3775 respectively, but not yet discussed Mobile IPv4/v6 in any published RFC. This paper proposes a scheme to solve one of Mobile IPv4/v6 problems which Home Agent (HA) locates in IPv6 network, and Correspondent Node (CN) locates in IPv4...

Complex of cell-THPC-thiourea-ADP with lanthanide metal ions Dy3+ has been prepared. The thermal stability and smoke suspension of the samples are determined by TG, DTA and cone calorimetry. Experimental data show that for the complexes of cell-THPC-thiourea-ADP with the metal ions, thermal decomposition...

Flexible polyurethane foam has been treated with borax, expanded graphite (EG), EG/borax as flame retardant, respectively. The thermal degradation of samples has been studied by thermogravimetry (TG) and differential thermogravimetry (DTG) in air. From the resulting data, kinetic parameters for different...

Recent developments of EEDI (energy efficiency design index) which is an indicator of ship’s energy efficiency level imposed the cost effectiveness of sea-going vessels. Optimization of the ship’s total energy system is studied in this paper. This study is focus on optimum load sharing control, which...

In this study, an acid and alkali resistance cationic polyacrylamide flocculants (P(AM-MAPTAC)) was synthesized through copolymerization of acrylamide (AM) and methacrylamido propyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (MAPTAC) by innovative ultrasonic initiation technology. The structure and thermal decomposition...

Epoxy resins modified with low-viscosity hyperbranched epoxy were prepared. The tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength, fracture toughness, glass transition temperature (Tg) of the cured samples were investigated. The results show that the addition of hyperbranched epoxy improves the overall...

New free radical-cationic hybrid photopolymer, consisting of acrylate-based and epoxy-based photosensitive resin for stereolithography was prepared. The influence of the initiator sort and amount on the curing degree of the photopolymer was investigated. Photopolymerization process, degradation temperature,...

In this study, the pyrolysis of Zichang˚Coal (ZC) was investigated by thermogravimetry (TG) using three˚Catalysts, and the yields of the products obtained from pyrolysis, as well as gas˚Composition, were investigated by gas˚Chromatography (GC) using a fixed-bed reactor. The˚Catalytic mechanism was discussed...

Nanocrystalline CeO2 powders were synthesized using stearic acid and cerium nitrate by sol-gel and self-propagating combustion coupled method. Influence of various molar ratio of stearic acid and cerium nitrate on the products grain and colour were discussed. Powder appearance, crystal phase, specific...

Background/Objectives: We previously demonstrated a different regional stiffness response of elastic and muscular arteries after the administration of nitroglycerin, leading to an alteration of aortic-brachial stiffness gradient. Regional stiffness of smaller arteries may respond differently to vasodilation...

Background: Arterial stiffness as measured by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) has been shown to predict cardiovascular events [1]. However, PWV is blood pressure (BP) dependent [2,3] leading to the development of cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) as a more blood pressure-independent index...

Introduction: Both Type II Diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension have been associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease and linked to impairments in micro- and macrocirculation. However, previous studies examining micro- and macrocirculation in DM mainly include patients with comorbid...

Extracellular and biochemical changes in the vessel contribute to the stiffening, this process is determinant for the increase of the Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) and subsequent increase of the central and brachial arterial pressures [1,2]. These vascular alterations are denominated of TOD (target organ...

TiO2-SiO2 film were prepared by sol-gel process. The prepared samples of these films have been characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, TG-DTA, XRD and AFM. The transmittance of these films is tested by UV-VIS spectroscopy. The results show that the double doped glass antireflection film antireflection performance...

Introduction: Pressure waveshape derived parameters such as the augmentation index are related to unfavourable cardiovascular events [1]. Wave reflections determine wave shape [2], however, several findings seem to contradict the current views. Current view. The arterial system can be modelled by a tube...

Natural silk fibers were used as the template to synthesis biomorphic Fe2O3 fibers. Silk fibers were first immersed into a Fe(NO3)3 solution and then sintered in air at high temperatures to produce the final Fe2O3 fibers. Their microstructures, phases, and synthesis process were analyzed. The results...

Purpose: To provide a comprehensive assessment of aortic stiffness, through both local and regional distensibility and pulse wave velocity (PWV), in patients with either a tricuspid (TAV) or bicuspid (BAV) aortic valve and/or aortic dilation using MRI. Methods: We included 18 patients with TAV and dilated...

IETF has specified Mobile IPv4 and Mobile IPv6 in RFC3344 and RFC3775 respectively, but not yet discussed Mobile IPv4/v6 in any published RFC. This paper proposes a scheme to solve one of Mobile IPv4/v6 problems which Home Agent (HA) is located in IPv4 network, Correspondent Node (CN) is located in IPv6...

Background: External compression using pneumatic cuff inflation is a well-established model used to induce incremental changes in proximal retrograde flow and shear [1]. The mechanisms behind distal cuff compression leading to proximal increase in retrograde shear are not clear. We hypothesized that...

Background: Several so-called loop-based methods, have been proposed to estimate local pulse wave velocity (PWV). However, previous studies have demonstrated inaccuracies in local PWV-estimates due to presence of reflections, which led to the proposition of a frequency-domain correction method [1]. The...

Background: Pulse wave velocity (PWV) reflects arterial stiffness and is an independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. It is important to determine the effect dual therapy has on both BP and PWV. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was performed in patients with grade 1 and 2 primary...

Objective: White coat hypertension/effect (WCH/E) describes an elevated clinic blood pressure (BP) with normal daytime ambulatory BP (ABPM) values. It is not clear whether WCH/E is associated with adverse vascular risk. This study aimed to determine the relationship between WCH/E and arterial stiffness...

Purpose/Background/Objectives: Hypertension is associated with increased cardiovascular risk, inflammation and arterial stiffness. We sought to investigate the role of inflammation and arterial stiffness in the prognosis of cardiovascular hospitalization in hypertensives patients over an extensive follow-up. Methods:...

Measurement of “unattended” blood pressure (BP) may reduce or eliminate the “white coat effect”. Despite the possible advantages of this approach for BP measurement, only few studies analysed the relationship between unattended BP and cardiovascular events or with hypertension mediated organ damage (HMOD)....

Background: Effects of afterload and blood pressure (BP) on pulse wave velocity (PWV) have been investigated using vasoactive drugs but effects of cardiac pre-load have not previously been studied. Methods: Transient mechanical reduction of cardiac pre-load (lower limb venous occlusion, LVO) and expansion...

Background: Endothelial dysfunction (ED) represents an initial step of “vascular failure” [1]; several factors affect the functionality of the endothelium. Obesity [2] and estrogen deficiency [3] are independently associated with this. The early detection of ED is essential to intervene and prevent its...

Introduction: Açaí-juçara is a fruit with a antioxidant content that can modify the vascular environment and attenuate the effects of obesity. Objective: To evaluate the effect of açaí-juçara on pulse pressure parameters in overweight or obese individuals. Methods: Randomized clinical trial with 23...

Research the pyrolysis kinetics of eucalyptus and the absorption band and characteristic peaks of volatile pruducts under the heating rate 10?•min-1, 30?•min-1, 60?•min-1respectively. The experimental results show that eucalyptus pyrolysis process can be divided into 3 stages: moisture volatilizes stage,...

Introduction: Adult obesity is associated with greater arterial stiffness however in youth the relationship is unclear. We investigated associations between arterial stiffness and adiposity and explored the contribution of blood pressure from adolescence to emerging adulthood (17–24 yrs). Methods: 3885...

Background: Soluble receptors for advanced glycation end-products (sRAGEs) have been suggested to have a protective role neutralizing the advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and their pathological effect on vessel walls. We aimed to investigate the association between circulating concentrations of...

Acute inflammation increases the risk of cardiac and cerebrovascular events, potentially associated with altered hemodynamic load. Wave reflection at the aorta and carotid artery can contribute to central hemodynamic load and provide insight into downstream changes in vascular tone. Acute inflammation...

Introduction: Arterial properties are linked to the presence and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD). Coronary blood flow is strongly and inversely related to arterial stiffness. Thus, the aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the prognostic value of PWV in high-risk patients with suspected...

Background: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) disease is mainly treated by endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) and PWV has been shown to increase after EVAR. Arterial stiffness is predictive of cardiovascular disease, but has not been investigated in AAA-patients. We investigated if central pressures (CP)...

A terpolymer resin (NSMA) was synthesized with styrene, maleic anhydride and N-phenyl maleimide. The structure and composition was characterized with FT-IR and 13C-NMR. The thermal resistance of NSMA was determined through integrated thermal analysis. The results indicated that, when the molar ratio...

Background: Aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) is the gold standard measurement for arterial stiffness. Normative values exist for PWV in children using the subtracted method (LSM) for the estimation of the distance, however no imaging validation studies in the growing pediatric population. The formula...

Background: Arterial stiffness is the characteristic of early vascular damage that can be measured by several methods. Sphygmocor determines the carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV). Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) also measures PWV between heart and ankle, independently of blood pressure. According...

Aim: To assess a time-dependent change of arterial stiffness gradient (PWVratio calculated by dividing carotid-femoral to carotid-radialPWV), a marker of vascular aging, in high cardiovascular risk cohort. Methods: This cohort study (n = 689) was conducted during the period 2010–2019 at Vilnius University...

Background: Local carotid pulse wave velocity (PWV) estimation is challenging due to a complex anatomy and associated wave reflections [1]. Wave interference is both blood pressure (BP) and position dependent, hence causing nonlinearity in the spatiotemporal PWV estimation [2]. In lack of beat-to-beat...

Background: Carotid artery tracking has high clinical relevance for the investigation of arterial stiffness indicators like Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV). However, current tracking systems are unreliable and/or not fully automated [1,2]. In this work we propose a novel wall tracking algorithm for long-term...

It has been proven that aortic pulse wave velocity (aoPWV), the measure of arterial stiffness is a strong and independent predictor of both cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality. Beyond the “gold standard” cfPWV (carotid-femoral) a plenty of methods are available for measuring PWV but the interpretation...

Introduction: Acute, gravity-induced blood pressure (BP) changes during head-up tilt may generate concomitant variations in carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV). We aimed to separate the pressure-dependent and -independent components of cf-PWV changes observed during head-up tilt. Methods: 30...

Background and Objectives: The cushioning effect of large, healthy arteries reduces pulsatile afterload to the heart, reduces pulsatility in the microvasculature of target organs, and promotes coronary/cerebral perfusion [1]. With age, large arteries become stiffer, which increases both pulse wave velocity...

Purpose/Background/Objectives: Hypertension (HAS) represents 9.4 million deaths from all the cases of cardiovascular disease worldwide [1]. The pulse wave velocity (PWV) and some hemodynamic parameters have been associated with this outcome [2,3]. Losartan, as well as amlodipine, have shown benefits...

Purpose/Background/Objective: We have previously shown that restoration of kidney function through kidney transplantation (KTx) is associated with improved aortic stiffness. In this study, we aim to examine whether this change in aortic stiffness translates into improvement of radial artery systolic-diastolic...

Objectives: Remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC) is a phenomenon that promotes protection of tissues and organs against ischaemia-reperfusion injury. RIPC has been shown to reduce myocardial and renal injury but its effect on arterial stiffness in patients undergoing lower limb digital subtraction...

Background and Aims: Active vitamin D [1,25(OH)2D3] deficiency is a potential modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular (CVD) and renal disease in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and stage 3/4 chronic kidney disease (CKD). Exact mechanisms are unclear. Arterial stiffness is an independent predictor...

Background: US is a simple, reproducible and economic technique for vascular evaluation. New technologies using radiofrequency and multidimensional Doppler plus computer development allow to evaluate parameters like shear stress, Flow profile and vascular remodeling no invasively. Objective: To compare...

Background: High systolic blood pressure in young individuals with normal central pressure has been described as “Spureous Systolic Hypertension” and there is a strong controversy if it is a normal or pathologic condition. Objective: To compare young adult patients (20–40 y.o.) with isolated systolic...

Introduction: Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is considered a gold standard for assessment of arterial stiffness [1]; neck circumference (NC) is a good anthropometrical indicator of fat accumulation in the upper body region [2]. Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study representative of a neighborhood...

Background: Arterial stiffness, as measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV) is dependent on arterial blood pressure but whether this dependence varies with age is unknown. The objective of this study was to determine to what degree pressure-dependence varies with age. Methods: 83 heathy (43 females) normotensive...