Advances in Biological Sciences Research

Beta amyloid (Aβ) is a key pathological hallmark of Alzheimer disease (AD) and plays key roles the progressive process of this disease. However the involved biological processes or pathways that triggered by Aβ in the progress of AD are still unclear. To answer this question, Aβ25-35 was bilaterally...

Jelly stick is a semi-solid product which is made with the addition of a gelling agent. Jelly sticks have a different texture compared to ordinary jelly. This product is easy to consume, more sticky and chewy. Ginger is widely available in Indonesia, has high antioxidants and can enhance human immunity...

Consumer’s interest in food safety and quality is increasing, mainly due to the international food trade, which needs rapid and non-destructive inspection techniques. The computer vision system is highly correlated with recent usage in the food and agriculture industry. Therefore, this study aimed to...

Synthetic (inorganic) carrier materials are expensive and their use is very limited, so they become an obstacle for the development of biopesticide formulas made from active biocontrol agents. Therefore, formula innovation technology is needed that can reduce research costs through the use of alternative...

Objective: To determine the antitumor activity of five benzamide derivatives with similar structure in A549 tumor cells. Methods: Cytotoxicity of the compounds in A549 tumor cells were monitored through an xCELLigence Real-Time Cell Analysis System. Results: Four benzamide analogs inhibited the growth...

A enantioselective and sensitive liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS) method is developed for the quantitative analysis of ketoprofen (KET) enantiomers based on a straightforward one-pot two-step stable isotope-coded derivatization of KET with a chiral derivatization...

Pyrolysis production and structure of molecule of high purity natural rubber (NR) were studied. Results show that there is no stretching vibration absorption peak of N-H group on 3280cm-1 and vibration compound peak of C-N group and N-H group in amide group on 1540cm-1 in high purity NR comparing to...

The aim of this work is phytochemical studies and standardization of Scabiosa succisa L. By reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography of ethanol extract substances belonging to polyphenolic compounds were found, among which hydroxycinnamic acids predominate. Chlorogenic acid and flavonoid...

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of ethanolic extract of malacca leaves (Phyllantus emblica) on histopathology of mice (Mus musculus) spleen infected with Plasmodium berghei (P. berghei). This study used 15 male Balb/c strain mice aged 2 months, allotted into 5 treatment groups. The mice in group...

The Tanimbar Islands located in the Wallacea region have particularly important ornithological values due to high level of endemism. Avian researchers have carried out expeditions to Tanimbar since long time ago starting with Forbes in 1882. An iconic bird of the Tanimbar Islands is the endemic Tanimbar...

The need of people’s animal protein increases every year. One of the alternative sources of animal protein that can be easily obtained is Jowo Super chicken (Gallus domesticus), a hybrid resulting from Kampong chicken and laying hens. However, the high cost of the chicken food causes hardships for breeders...

Meniran plants were wild plants commonly used as herbal medicines, they contained several chemical compounds consisting of flavonoids, polyphenols, philanthine, etc. The use of meniran extract as immunomodulatory can protected from free radical attacks. Whey Protein Isolate (WPI) had role as foam maker...

Chrysanthemum is one of the favorite ornamental plants as a potted flower. Consumers currently prefer potted flowers with short stems, lush leaves, also uniform and compact flowers. It is necessary to form the potted flowers by applying paclobutrazol (PBZ). This research aimed to determine the effectiveness...

Chicken is important livestock in the world that is kept for egg and meat productions. This study was aimed to perform a bioinformatics analysis in the whole genome mtDNA (16,979 bp) of many chicken breeds. Total 84 whole-genome mtDNA sequences were used in this study and obtained from the reference...

Initial investigations obtained reference data used by the students so far have been taken from a microbiology book with a long publication year. Based on the results of the questionnaire, the students felt the benefits of studying microbiology in daily life, but the students’ references did not support...

Banten Province has a very strategic position because it has unique water characteristics because the borders are direct with the Indian Ocean and the Java Sea, and the mixing of water masses in the Sunda Strait. These conditions make the waters as a center of fishing activity, especially pelagic fish....

Dipterocarp species dominated tropical rain forests in Kalimantan. Shorea is one of the genera with the highest number of species. It supported the diversity of characters between species, including the possibility to develop outside their natural habitat as exotic species. The prospect of developing...

Raw skin is the common primary material that used in the leather tannery. As an organic material, leather has a risk of microstructure damage from microorganisms. Although the tannery process uses several chemicals and actions to prevent its damage, the long storage time of leather can provide opportunities...

This research was done to investigate the effect of blend essential oil EOs1 with pine (Pinus merkusii; Jungh. and de Vriese) essential oil as the main component on feed nutrient digestibility and methane production. Blend essential oil consist of pine and eucalyptus (Melaleuca leucadendra (L.) essential...

Improving the productivity of village chickens (KP) can be done by crossbreeding using chicken that has high productivity, such as pelung chicken or pelung-crossed chicken (PS). In this study, three mating systems were applied, namely the mating between PS hens and PS roosters, KP hens and PS roosters,...

Plastic mulch is one of the cultural practices that can be applied to control white grubs Lepidiota stigma Fabricius (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in sugarcane. The strategy needs to be tested for its effectiveness in the broader area before it is disseminated to farmers or other users. This study aims...

The present study aims to separate the active fractions from the n-hexane extract of Siam weed (Chromolaena odorata (L) R.M. King & H. Rob) leaves with potential as the antiacne agent. The present work includes isolation of active fractions guided by antiacne assay against Propionibacterium acnes...

Industrial waste containing heavy metals which used for wetland irrigation will affect the heavy metals content in the soil. The accumulation of heavy metals in the soil may result in reducing microbial activity, soil fertility, soil quality and heavy metals compounds in agricultural products. Agricultural...

Early lymphoma diagnosis is essential to improve the patients’ survival rate and avoid irreversible damage. Immunohistochemistry-based lymphoma diagnostics is an expensive and time-consuming process, especially in developing countries with limited resources. Image-based lymphoma diagnostics might serve...

The extracellular matrix (ECM) provides tissue structural integrity and its synthesis plays a crucial role in wound healing. Impaired wound healing ensues following the destruction of the ECM, or the inhibition of its synthesis. An imbalance in ECM synthesis and degradation is seen in patients with diabetes....

There will be a lot of fragrant component loss and damage in the distillation process of olive brandy, which influences the quality of brandy seriously. In order to obtain good quality brandy, the effects of different distillation temperature are studied. It is found that the most suitable temperature...

Rosa chinensis is being widely investigated because of its extremely high ornamental value and commercial value. Scientists have entered the molecules for its researching level. Extraction of high quality RNA is a primary and key step towards undertaking molecular biology experiments, which is often...

Asthma is kind of disease affecting quality of life. Different TCM asthma types have different characteristics.TCM tongue images can be objective indexes for asthma TCM differentiation and therapeutic evaluation. More and more modern technique and analysis methods are used to discuss meaning of tongue....

Issues relating to gender and leadership, especially the female gender, in key leadership roles has remained a crucial subject matter in contemporary politics and leadership discourse. The study critically assessed the factors that tend to negatively impact on effective participation of women in key...

Objective: we investigated the function of Pingyan capsule on antitumor and immune regulation in Lewis lung cancer tumor-bearing mice. Methods: mice were randomly divided into normal control group, model group, positive control group, high, medium and low dose Pingyan capsule groups. Lewis lung carcinoma...

Melinjo (Gnetum gnemon) is a very potent plant because many of its parts, like leaves, flowers, and seeds, can be useful for culinary purposes. This study aims to explore and inventory the use of melinjo (Gnetum gnemon) in Banten Province, specifically the use in Banten local food. The research was carried...

Triclosan (TCA) is an antibacterial and antimicrobial compound that is incorporated into toothpaste, soap, and liquid dishwasher. Continuous TCA exposure may contribute to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the microbiome. Triclosan also reacts to form dioxins, which bioaccumulate and...

The study was conducted to measure cheese harvest and texture acceptance of Probiotic feta reduced-fat Feta cheese. Reduced-fat milk (50% Fat) from Peranakan Ettawa (PE) goat in Special Region of Yogyakarta. They have added Lactobacillus acidophilus (T1), Bifidobacterium longum (T2), Lactobacillus casei...

Pacitan Regency has the authority to organize government and development, as well as provide services to the community, has good authority to manage, plan, and optimally utilize the regional economic potential. To meet the needs of people in general, they depend on the agricultural sector. Therefore,...

The Belanti I lowland irrigation area is a lowland development area built in the 1980s through the Tidal Rice Field Development Project (P4S). Currently, the land functioned for agriculture is only 1.211 hectares out of 3.392 hectares. These conditions are caused by unfulfilled water and soil quality...

The research of in vitro callus induction on arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.) with 2.4 D, BAP, and NAA, was conducted in Biotechnology and Genetics Laboratory, Tissue Culture Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences. Tadulako University. The purpose of this research...

The ability of aceh cattle to reproduce in extreme environments is thought to be supported by their reproductive system. This research was conducted to study the reproductive system of Aceh cattle by identifying the types and distribution of glycoconjugates in the endometrium of Aceh cattle at various...

The increasing population programs of cross-breeding chickens (hybrid chickens) need to be supported by breeding strategies that depends on artificial insemination programs (AIP). Sperm diluent is one of the important factors that support the survival of spermatozoa during the implementation of AIP....

Mathematical model uses a set of mathematical equation to represent of a system. In agriculture, one of the functions of mathematical models is to predict crop growth. The objective of this paper was to apply the logistic model to root growth of three types of vegetables, namely water spinach, mustard,...

The prediction of excess nutrient solution volume was an essential part of re-used of nutrient solution system, and it was determined by volume of irrigation, substract, crop development stage and water content of substract. In order to found simulation model of excess nutrient solution volume, experiments...

The significant importance for preventive measures of early disability of patients with diabetes belongs to drug treatment of underlying and concomitant disease, that must be provided by high –value medicines timely and in full volume. In this regard, it is important to find ways to improve the quality...

Thermal oxidation kinetics of raw constant viscosity natural rubber (CVNR) prepared with fresh natural rubber (NR) latex containing several difference viscosity stabilizers was studied. The comparison with the ageing characteristics of hot oxygen (hot air), ozone and light oxygen (ultraviolet light)...

Sengon is classified as low density wood. It is widely planted in the plantation forest so that it has a high potency for industry. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the strength of its wood through densification as one way. The results showed that fluctuation in water-content reduction were only...

Etlingera is a genus of medicinal plants originating from the Indo-pacific region. Traditionally, people have used the Etlingera plant as a culinary ingredient, food flavouring, and also as traditional medicine. Gayo tribal people know Etlingera elatior by the name cikala. This study aims to determine...

The plane of energy nutrient and supplementation of mineral fed to cows in the prepartum period has been shown to influence energy status, immune response, and metabolic health. However, the effect of supplementation of essential mineral like Zn in the diet on plasma titers antibodies and mineral status...

The industrial revolution 4.0 does not only have an impact on changes in technological culture in the fields of industry, agriculture and animal husbandry also have a significant impact. The application of technology in the field of animal husbandry can assist farmers in maximizing the results of their...

System and sub systems of mango agribusiness in North Lombok, Indonesia have not fully worked well. One of the parts of the weaknesses is on the human side, i.e. the entrepreneurs of the mango agribusiness. Therefore actions need to be taken to this human capital to be empowered with necessary skills...

Poly (L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and glucose (Glu) were respectively dissolved in N, N-dimethyl acetamide to prepare solutions. The blends of PLLA and glucose with various ratios were prepared by mixed solution method, and characterized with infrared Fourier transform spectrometry, differential scanning calorimetry,...

The amount of peanut consumption in Indonesia has increased while panut production is still insufficient, so it must be imported. Domestic peanut production is caused by several factors such as seed quality, soil conditions, fullfillment of nutrient need and other. One of strategy to increase peanut...

Cogongrass [Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch] is a wild plant species widely distributed throughout various tropical and subtropical regions. The wide distribution may lead to genetic differences among the species populations, which can be analyzed using particular molecular markers showing high mutation...

With annually 145,000 ha cultivated area, shallot is widely used in Indonesian daily cuisine and therefore an important crop for farmers and consumers in Indonesia. Bulb propagation for many years resulted in yield reduction. Alternatively, True Shallot Seed (TSS) has many advantages to offer as lower...

The 2013 curriculum is learning curriculum that emphasizes higher-order thinking skills, besides learning activities also by training students with questions based on high-level thinking skills, namely by Trends in International Mathematics and Sciences Study (TIMSS). The application of high-level thinking...

Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata Merr,) has a high economic value and have the potential to export and can be processed into various food and non-food products. Sugar palm is a versatile tree because all parts of the tree can be used, such as a trunk, palm sap, leaves, etc. Characterization of local sugar...

We presented tree diversity on the ultramafic soils in Tojo Una-una district, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. The research was carried out from March to July 2022. This study aims to determine the diversity of tree species at the study site using the single plot method with plot size 50m × 50m, which is...

Methanol is an effective menstruum for attracting compounds with various pharmacological activities from Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav. Several studies reported that laboratory tests for reducing blood sugar content of red betel extract such as aqueous, ethanolic, and ethyl acetate extracts. This study...

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of citronella oil supplementation in feed on fat and cholesterol levels of quail eggs (Coturnix coturnix japonica). The materials used were 100 female quail Coturnix-coturnix japonica, quail commercial feed, commercial citronella oil. The design used...

The best soil for blueberries is a sandy loam that is well drained and contains lots of organic matter. And soil for blueberries should also be acidic. In order to modify the crop land to be fit for blueberry growth, we added several soil conditioners, peat, manure, commercial fertilizer slag, sawdust,...

In this work we bring the results of the new Timiryazevskaya 42 triticale cultivar potential productivity analysis at different amount of nitrogen fertilizer application. Field experiments held in between 2016 and 2018 on podzol soil showed that increase of fertilizer dose led to the increased yield...

Scabies is first recorded as far back as 2500 years ago and considered as an ancient disease. It affects around 300 million people every year around the world, and its prevalence is as high as around 60% in children. Several amount of drugs have been used for the disease treatment, but conventional therapy...

An osmotolerant rhizobacteria (Enterococcus flavescens), isolated from the weed rhizosphere, has been subjected to osmotic stress in broth media supplemented with varied concentrations of glucose and sodium chloride (NaCl). The aims of this work was to evaluate the cells’ response and obtain a comprehensive...

Cheese making process produces whey as its by-product in which contains valuable nutrients. Whey has the potential to be utilized to reduce pollution to the environment. This study aims to compare acidity (titration), pH (pH meter), viscosity (viscometer), and volatile compounds (GC-MS) of fermented...

Many proteins function execution depends on the process of protein and ligand interact with each other. The identification of ligand binding residues is important for the research of the protein function. The 4442 protein chains with

This research was intended to determine the effect of replacing forage with fermented completed feed or silage on milk production and fatty acids of Friesian Holstein Crossbred. This research used 6 of 3rd – 6th month lactating cows in average weight of 386.2±30.3 kg. The study consisted of 3 dietary...

Rice cultivation is an effort made by humans to meet basic food needs. However, the world’s population growth continues to increase, so it is necessary to improve the cultivation quality to meet these needs. Researchers have developed many cultivation methods to meet these needs, one method discovered...

UGT74B1 is an important glucosyltransferase enzyme in glucosinolate biosynthesis. Here, the Brassica oleracea var. capitata UGT74B1 (BocUGT74B1) gene sequence was obtained from Brassica database (BRAD), and preformed for bioinformatics analysis. The BocUGT74B1 gene mapped to chromosomes 5, and contains...

Efonidipine is a dual blocker of T-type and L-type calcium channels with 1, 4-dihydropyridine structure attached to a phosphonate skeleton. As a chiral compound, it has a special property that can exist as a racemic conglomerate or a racemic compound based on the different crystallization conditions....

Cerebellum is an organ that plays an important role in controlling and coordinating motoric nerves and maintaining body balance. This study aimed to observe the histological and histomorphometric structures of the cerebellum in native chickens before and after hatching. The samples of this study were...

Sumatran Simpai has a preference for certain forage plant varieties in their habitat. Preference is a result of all factors determining the animals’ interest level in their food. Generally, the preferred food is affected by its taste, smell, and colour. The study aimed to find Sumatran Simpai’s (Presbytis...

Bacterial cellulose (BC) can be applied in various fields such as biomedical, separation membranes, artificial blood vessels, and substrates for cartilage tissue engineering. BC still has low mechanical properties, so a bacterial cellulose composite was formed with Gardenia Leaf Extract (BC-GLE) to obtain...

Purpose:To study the method of tonifying kidney and spleen, detoxification of throat in treatment of IgA nephropathy. Methods:72 Wistar rats were randomly divided into blank group, model group, Lotensin group, tonifying the kidney and spleen, detoxification of method of high, medium and low dose group...

Farmers own and use hand tools in paddy farming. Although they are not always purchased in every planting season, hand tools’ depreciation is still considered a cost. This study’s objectives were to calculate and identify the factors affecting the variation of depreciation costs among paddy households....

This study aims to determine the effect of coconut shell biochar, Rhizobium, and recommended doses of Urea+TSP 36+KCl fertilizer on changes in soil chemical properties and NPK nutrient uptake of edamame plants. Soil sampling was carried out at the beginning before treatment and at harvesting. Sampling...

Oil palm is the most efficient vegetable oil producer whose products can be used in various food, pharmaceutical, oleochemical, and biodiesel industries. Expanding the new planting area, starting from land clearing, and planting oil palm, to young and mature oil palm plants, will affect the abiotic environment...

Siompu goat is one of local breeds that are bred and kept well in Siompu Island, Southeast Sulawesi. Siompu goat farming has contributed to the local economic and social development. This study aimed to explore the typology and production characteristics of Siompu goat farms. The study was conducted...

As a hot spot of marine diversity, between 150 – 400 phytoplankton species have been reported in various Indonesian marine ecosystems. However, phytoplankton identification in Indonesia is mainly made manually by a human expert, which is a time-consuming process with many limitations. Thus, this study...

The market of the juice industry is increasing globally including in Indonesia and one of the factors that support the developing market of juice is the sufficient supply of raw material. Consequently, the increasing production of juice has resulted in a high amount of solid waste such as under-ripe...

Strategy formulation was conducted to develop organic agriculture in Bengkulu Province. This research used multi-criteria decision-making tools which were analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and strength-weakness-opportunity-threat (SWOT) analysis to generate alternative strategies. Then, fuzzy analytical...

Lactobacillus acidophilus IIA-2B4 is an indigenous lactic acid bacteria (LAB) extracted from Ongole Cross beef. Previous studies shown that this bacteria has probiotic properties such as antibacterial activity and antiproliferative effect on HeLa cervix cancer cell line. This study aimed to investigate...

Salinity is a major abiotic stress which decreases crop productivity. Salt stress also causes osmotic, water, ionic and oxidative stresses. Plants exposure to salt can check their growth by reduction in water and nutrient uptake, osmotic imbalance and cytotoxicity incited by sodium and chloride ions....

Moringa leaves contain high and complete nutrients, so they can be used as a making block for multinutrient blocks to improve semen quality. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of using moringa leaf flour in a multinutrient block on the semen quality of Etawah crossbreed (EC) bucks fed by the native...

The need for a systematic phytochemical studying of Nepeta cataria L. is related to solving the problem of using of this valuable plant resource. The purpose of the work was to study the dynamics of the accumulation of biologically active substances in the aboveground phytomass of N. cataria L. in the...

Purposes: To sum up the characteristics of Chinese medicine with chrysanthemum and lay a foundation for the development of new dosage forms and the rational application of Chinese Medicine. Methods: According to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia contains chrysanthemum in the pharmaceutical dosage form, drug...

Based on United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982 (UNCLOS 1982), Indonesia has sovereignty in the Indonesian waters and has exclusive rights in natural resources utilization in the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). By having sovereignty in the Indonesian waters and exclusive rights in the EEZ,...

Plastic products are in high demand due to their broad applications, resulting to a corresponding rise in the production of plastics. As a result of poor waste management practices such as uncontrolled open dumping, coastal littering, fishing, shipping and other industrial activities, plastics end up...

Various plants grown on land have been widely used to support sustainable agriculture and in various industries, including to produce medicines, beauty ingredients, food and beverage ingredients, biofuels, bioenergy, land conservation, produce early stress-resistant varieties, and plant breeding. The...

The development of beef cattle farming is currently an important concern for the government due to its role in supporting the availability of beef nationally. Beef cattle developed by small farmers were expected to support the availability of the meat. The problem was whether beef cattle business was...

Sustainable agricultural development emphasises the utilisation of natural resources, especially leading commodities, according to the ability of a region to improve the welfare of its farmers and stimulate economic growth. Agriculture is a sector supporting the economy of the Blora Sub-district. This...

With the increasing requirement in satellite communication, Digital Video Broadcasting-Satellite extension (DVB-S2X) standard is proposed to reach higher efficiency. DVB-S2X provides 112 adaptive coding and modulation modes to get high efficiency which approaches the Shannon limit. However, with the...

Mosquitoes are spread all over the world, mosquito-borne diseases are serious health problems. Mosquito coil can prevent contact between mosquitos and humans. Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin B.) contains active ingredients that can serve as insecticide which are saponin, flavonoid, and essential oils. In...

Diphtheria is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheria, which primarily infects the throat and upper airways, and produces a toxin affecting other organs. In severe cases, it causes myocarditis or peripheral neuropathy. In Indonesia, diphtheria has once been an epidemic...

Toba Banana (Musa acuminata Colla) is a local banana in Toba region, North Sumatera, Indonesia. People only utilize its pulp fruit, then its peels can cause environmental problems. Carbohydrate in banana peel can be utilized as substrate to produce citric acid through fermentation. Citric acid is an...

In this study, regenerated silk fibroin (SF) film was prepared by using 1-ethyl-3- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) as cross-linking agent and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), 2-morpholinoethanesulfonic acid (MES) as assistant agent. To evaluate the effects of EDC cross-linking agent...

A general and efficient method for the synthesis of asymmetrical dinucleoside triphosphates with an antiviral nucleoside moiety has been developed. The coupling of adenosine diphosphate with antiviral nucleoside phosphoropiperidate via the DCI activation of P-N bond afforded the desired products in good...

During the learning process, teachers have not used workbooks, books used in the learning process, namely books borrowed from the library and Student Worksheets (LKS). LKS used by the teacher has several weaknesses such as the images presented are unclear and have unattractive colors. In addition, the...

This study aims to determine the histological and histomorphometric features of the turkey testes based on age levels. Turkey testes were taken from 21 male turkeys which were grouped into 3 different age groups; 12, 20 and 33 weeks. The testes were then processed into histological preparations with...

The genus Orthosiphon in the Lamiaceae or Mint family is closely related to Ocimum and is economically important for medicinal and ornamental plants. Even though the leaf and flower morphology look different, but the characteristics of the seeds (nutlets) are almost the same. This study aims to determine...

The reclamation of tidal rice fields has a long history, from the beginning to seventy years of independence. Around 3.4 million ha of swamp land have been utilized, including 2.8 million ha to produce rice. An available area of 15.75 million ha has not been reclaimed from 20.10 million ha. The gap is...

The seedlings and saplings plant stage determines the successional stages in the secondary forest establishment process. The estimation on aboveground biomass (AGB) of seedling and sapling plants is needed to describe undergrowth’s contribution in the secondary forest. This study’s objective was to develop...

This study aims to determine the effect of the leavening agent on the physical and sensorial qualities of fried beef meatballs. The leavening agent used in this research was baking powder (NaHCO3+C4H4O6) as T1, baking soda (NaHCO3) as T2, and SAPP or sodium acid pyrophosphate (Na2H2P2O7) as T3 and control...

Fine cracks have a gap width of ≤ 3 MM, the distribution properties can be local or road surface area. Some of the main causes of fine cracks are pavement material is not good, surface weathering, and sub-surface soil or layer is less stable. Fine cracks will develop into larger cracks if left unchecked...