Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
Latest Articles
Research Article
Global Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS: A Resurgence in North America and Europe
Romona D. Govender, Muhammad Jawad Hashim, Moien AB Khan, Halla Mustafa, Gulfaraz Khan
Volume 11, Issue 3, September 2021, Pages 296-301
We aimed to assess global trends in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and evaluate progress toward eradication since the inception of the pandemic. Data were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 update and the UNAIDS Data 2019. The datasets included...
Research Article
Factors Associated with the Incidence and Mortality of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) after 126-million Cases: A Meta-analysis
Jeerath Phannajit, Kullaya Takkavatakarn, Pisut Katavetin, Thanin Asawavichienjinda, Kriang Tungsanga, Kearkiat Praditpornsilpa, Somchai Eiam-Ong, Paweena Susantitaphong
Volume 11, Issue 3, September 2021, Pages 289-295
Objectives: This meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the current global incidence and mortality of COVID-19 and also explored the associated factors including geographic variations, transmission scenarios, country economic status, and healthcare performance.
Methods: The search was conducted...
Perspective
Lessons Learnt and Pathways forward for National Civil Registration and Vital Statistics Systems after the COVID-19 Pandemic
Matthew Kelly, Gloria Mathenge, Chalapati Rao
Volume 11, Issue 3, September 2021, Pages 262-265
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a substantial impact on government services in many areas, including Civil Registration and Vital Statistics (CRVS). However, the pandemic has also highlighted the importance of recording of mortality and causes of death, with some potentially positive impacts for longer...
Editorial
What is Currently Known About the SARS-CoV2 Variants of Concern
Tarek Souaid, Joya-Rita Hindy, Souha S. Kanj
Volume 11, Issue 3, September 2021, Pages 257-259
Research Article
Epidemiology and Microbiological Profile of Common Healthcare Associated Infections among Patients in the Intensive Care Unit of a General Hospital in Kuwait: A Retrospective Observational Study
Wadha Alfouzan, Rita Dhar, Naglaa M. Abdo, Walid Q. Alali, Ali A. Rabaan
Volume 11, Issue 3, September 2021, Pages 302-309
Background: Patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) are prone to develop nosocomial infections due to Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) organisms. Inappropriate and overuse of antibiotics play an important role in the emergence of MDR organisms, which cause life-threatening infections resulting in...
Review Article
Epidemiological Investigations of Infectious Diseases among Mobile Populations at the University Hospital Institute Mediterranean Infection in Marseille, France
Thi Loi Dao, Van Thuan Hoang, Tran Duc Anh Ly, Ndiaw Goumballa, Philippe Gautret
Volume 11, Issue 3, September 2021, Pages 271-282
We review the most recent work conducted by our group on the circulation of infectious agents in mobile populations, including pilgrims participating in the Hajj (Mecca, Saudi Arabia) and the Grand Magal of Touba (Senegal) pilgrimages, homeless people, and medical students participating in an elective...
Letter to Editor
Serial Monitoring of Case Fatality Rate to Evaluate Comprehensive Strategies against COVID-19
Soichiro Saeki, Daisaku Nakatani, Chisa Tabata, Keita Yamasaki, Ken Nakata
Volume 11, Issue 3, September 2021, Pages 260-261
Research Article
Clinical Features and Outcome of Low and High Corticosteroids in Admitted COVID-19 Patients
Salma AlBahrani, Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq, Arulanantham Zachariah Jebakumar, Mohammed Alghamdi, Nawaf Zakary, Mariam Seria, Abdulrahman Alrowis
Volume 11, Issue 3, September 2021, Pages 316-319
Introduction: There is no specific anti-viral therapies for 2019 Coronavirus Diseases (COVID-19) infection. Here, we compared patients receiving steroids at different dosages versus no steroids in severe and critical COVID-19 patients.
Methods: We retrospectively studied COVID-19 patients who received...
Research Article
Serosurvey for Health-Care Workers Provides Supportive Evidence for the Effectiveness of Hydroxychloroquine Prophylaxis against SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Reetika Malik Yadav, Archana Pate, Aruna Shankarkumar, Shreyasi Athalye, Shweta Shinde, Umair Ahmed Bargir, Mangesh Pate, Makarand Ganpule, Meena Pruthi, Hemant Patil, Manisha Rajan Madkaikar
Volume 11, Issue 3, September 2021, Pages 283-288
Background: The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has resulted in occupational exposure among Healthcare Workers (HCWs) and a high risk of nosocomial transmission. Asymptomatic infection and transmission of infection before the development of symptoms are well-recognized...
Research Article
Molecular Detection of Influenza A and B Viruses in Four Consecutive Influenza Seasons 2015–16 to 2018–19 in a Tertiary Center in Western Saudi Arabia
Abdulhakeem Althaqafi, Fayssal Farahat, Asim Alsaedi, Majid Alshamrani, Moneerah S. Alsaeed, Baraa AlhajHussein, Sherif A. El-Kafrawy, Esam I. Azhar
Volume 11, Issue 2, June 2021, Pages 208-215
Introduction: Influenza infection poses a significant public health threat. The core for disease prevention and control relies on strengthened surveillance activities, particularly in Saudi Arabia, the country that hosts the largest annual mass gathering event worldwide. This study aimed to assess the...
Research Article
Retrospective Study of Bone-TB in Oman: 2002–2019
Wael A.H. Hegazy, Raqiya Al Mamari, Khalfan Almazroui, Ali Al Habsi, Ahmed Kamona, Huda AlHarthi, Areej I. Al Lawati, AlZahra H. AlHusaini
Volume 11, Issue 2, June 2021, Pages 238-245
Objective: Little information is available about the etiology, pathophysiology, risk factors, and epidemiologic features of Bone Tuberculosis (Bone-TB). In this work, we present the epidemiological data about the Bone-TB in the Sultanate of Oman.
Methods: Retrospectively, we identified and assessed...
Perspective
The Hard Lessons Learned by the COVID-19 Epidemic in Italy: Rethinking the Role of the National Health Care Service?
Philippe Primo Caimmi, Andrea Capponi, Fabrizio Leigheb, Franca Dall’ Occo, Roberto Sacco, Mario Minola, Emmanouil Ioannis Kapetanakis
Volume 11, Issue 3, September 2021, Pages 266-270
The dramatic events precipitated by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus pandemic have highlighted the limitations and contradictions of our country’s current health care delivery model plagued by the closure of healthcare delivery structures, staff reductions, privatizations...
Review Article
Preventive Measures and Management of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection in Adult Intensive Care Units in Saudi Arabia
Najla A. Obaid
Volume 11, Issue 2, June 2021, Pages 164-168
Catheter-associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI) has been studied worldwide as part of device-related healthcare infection. CAUTI is one of the most commonly reported infections in the literature, which occurs during clinical practice in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) and non-ICU departments. Many studies...
Research Article
Community Foodborne of Salmonella Weltevreden Outbreak at Northern Governorate, Sultanate of Oman
Ali A. Al-Maqbali, Seif S. Al-Abri, V. Vidyanand, Idris Al-Abaidani, Amal S. Al-Balushi, Shyam Bawikar, Emadeldin El Amir, Saleh Al-Azri, Rajesh Kumar, Azza Al-Rashdi, Amina K. Al-Jardani
Volume 11, Issue 2, June 2021, Pages 224-229
Objectives: To investigate the course of a community gastroenteritis outbreak by Salmonella and implement interventional activities and roles to prevent occurring such an outbreak in the future.
Methods: From August 27 to 2 September 2015, 101 individuals were reported among a local community. All affected...
Perspective
Role of Ascertainment Bias in Determining Case Fatality Rate of COVID-19
Maia P. Smith
Volume 11, Issue 2, June 2021, Pages 143-145
Case fatality rate (CFR) is used to calculate mortality burden of COVID-19 under different scenarios, thus informing risk-benefit balance of interventions both pharmaceutical and nonpharmaceutical. However, observed CFR is driven by testing: as more low-risk cases are identified, observed CFR will decline....
Perspective
The Saudi Data & Artificial Intelligence Authority (SDAIA) Vision: Leading the Kingdom’s Journey toward Global Leadership
Ziad A. Memish, Majid M. Altuwaijri, Abdulgader H. Almoeen, Sarah M. Enani
Volume 11, Issue 2, June 2021, Pages 140-142
The emerging field of data and artificial intelligence (AI) and its noticeable expansion has motivated nations to transition from traditional economic models to learning economies using these technologies. In April 2016, the Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman Al Saud introduced Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030...
Research Article
Epidemiological Profile of Meningitis following Pentavalent Vaccination in Iran: Impact of Vaccine Introduction
Saber Heidari, Manoochehr Karami, Seyed Mohsen Zahraei, Iraj Sedighi, Fatemeh Azimian Zavareh
Volume 11, Issue 3, September 2021, Pages 310-315
Ensuring the effectiveness of the Haemophilus influenza type b (DTwP-Hib-HepB) vaccine in reducing meningitis is an essential approach in evaluating the effectiveness of the vaccine. The study aimed to address the epidemiology of meningitis following pentavalent vaccination in Iran. Data on meningitis...
Research Article
Policy Disparities in Response to COVID-19 between China and South Korea
Haiqian Chen, Leiyu Shi, Yuyao Zhang, Xiaohan Wang, Gang Sun
Volume 11, Issue 2, June 2021, Pages 246-252
Objectives: This study analyzed the effects of COVID-19 non-pharmaceutical measures between China and South Korea to share experiences with other countries in the struggle against SARS-CoV-2.
Methods: We used the generalized linear model to examine the associations between non-pharmaceutical measures...
Commentary
COVID-19: The Second Wave is not due to Cooling-down in Autumn
Walter Langel
Volume 11, Issue 2, June 2021, Pages 160-163
Editorial
COVID-19 Outbreak: The North versus South Epidemiologic Italian Paradigm
Alessandro Ottaiano, Mariachiara Santorsola, Mario Tamburini, Federica Corrado, Marianna Scrima, Marco Bocchetti, Gerardo Botti, Guglielmo Nasti, Michele Caraglia
Volume 11, Issue 3, September 2021, Pages 253-256
Research Article
Population Size Estimation of Female Sex Workers in Hai Phong, Vietnam: Use of Three Source Capture–Recapture Method
Ly Thuy Nguyen, Shreya Patel, Nga Thi Nguyen, Hoa Hoang Gia, Henry F. Raymond, Van Thi Hai Hoang, Abu S. Abdul-Quader
Volume 11, Issue 2, June 2021, Pages 194-199
Introduction: A study was conducted in three districts in Hai Phong province, Vietnam to estimate the population size of the Female Sex Workers (FSW) in June–July 2019.
Methods: The procedures included selection of three districts, compilation of a list of accessible venues where FSW congregate, distribution...
Editorial
Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of COVID-19 in a Multi-National Cohort in the Middle East
Saad I. Mallah, Abdulkarim Abdulrahman, Abdulla I. Alawadhi, Manaf M. AlQahtani
Volume 11, Issue 2, June 2021, Pages 137-139
Research Article
COVID-19 and Comorbidities: Audit of 2,000 COVID-19 Deaths in India
Shaffi F. Koya, Shahul H. Ebrahim, Lekha D. Bhat, Bindhya Vijayan, Salman Khan, Soji D. Jose, Zarin Pilakkadavath, Premini Rajeev, Jinbert L. Azariah
Volume 11, Issue 2, June 2021, Pages 230-232
Background: On September 5, 2020, India reported the second highest COVID-19 cases globally. Given India’s unique disease burden including both infectious and chronic diseases, there is a need to study the survival patterns of COVID-19. We aimed to describe the factors associated with COVID-19 deaths...
Research Article
Comparison of Predictive Models and Impact Assessment of Lockdown for COVID-19 over the United States
Olusola S. Makinde, Abiodun M. Adeola, Gbenga J. Abiodun, Olubukola O. Olusola-Makinde, Aceves Alejandro
Volume 11, Issue 2, June 2021, Pages 200-207
The novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains a worldwide threat to community health, social stability, and economic development. Since the first case was recorded on December 29, 2019, in Wuhan of China, the disease has rapidly extended to other nations of the world to claim many lives, especially...
Research Article
A Case Series of Severe Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients Treated with Tocilizumab and Glucocorticoids: A Report from Saudi Arabian Hospital
Salma AlBahrani, Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq, Abdulaziz R. Alshaer, Amal Shilash, Khalid Alswefy, Razan Salamah Al-Zayer, Amr Mohamed Abouelela
Volume 11, Issue 2, June 2021, Pages 233-237
Background: The clinical spectrum of COVID-19 is variable and ranges from asymptomatic, mildly symptomatic, moderately severe and severe disease. A small proportion might develop severe disease and may have cytokine storm. One of the therapeutic options to treat such cases is Tocilizumab (TCZ). In this...