Advances in Biological Sciences Research

Potato price tends to fluctuate, and the cost of production is quite high, causing the interest of farmers in growing potatoes to decline. Picture of the level of knowledge of farmers in the control of pests and diseases in potato crops, the perception of farmers in the control of potato pests and plant...

Capsicum sp. Has been reported as a salt-sensitive crop. Therefore, using salt-tolerant varieties will be a wise solution for maintaining crop production in coastal areas. Source of saline-tolerance controlling genes are needed to develop saline-tolerant genotypes. The objective of this study was to...

Bayu or known as wind is one of several renewable energy sources that have the potential to produce electrical energy. Wind conditions that are not the same between places affect the energy produced. This wind condition is closely related to wind speed, so an experiment is needed to determine the effect...

The effective part (BESDM) was extracted from the DioscoreaÿnipponicaÿMakino. Cytotoxicity of the BESDM on Ec9706, Eca109 and TE1 cells tested by MTT assay. The result showed the Ic50 values of Ec9706, Eca109 and TE1 are 7.87ñ0.08, 3.76ñ0.04 and 13.53ñ0.06 gúml-1, respectively. Fluorescence was used...

Use of marginal land use, such as Ultisol is an alternative for the extensification of soybean production. The problem of Ultisol is the low organic matter content, so fertilization is required using organic fertilizer such as compost. This study was designed to determine the effect of the compost source...

Ice cream is usually made using sugar (sucrose) as a sweetener, but the use of too much sugar in food can cause obesity and increase blood sugar so it is not good for diabetics. This study aims to determine the effect of adding honey with different levels on the sensory test of ice cream. This research...

House is a fundamental pillar that directly affects the success of poultry farms. There are three house systems, namely open, semi-, and closed house systems. Objective of the study was to analyze the performance of the broilers, which are raised in open, semi-closed, and closed houses. The study was...

Chocolate has some unique characteristics that solid at room temperature, brittle when broken and completely melts at body temperature. In the tropics, a specific approach in formulating chocolate is needed due to its high average temperature. This research aimed to develop formulation of heat-resistant...

Diarrhea is the main reason of human deaths in developing countries, which also cause world-wide infant mortality. Diarrhoea occurs world-wide and causes 4% of all deaths and 5% of health loss to disability. It is most commonly caused by gastrointestinal infections which kill around 1.5 million people...

Biological medicine is listed on the country's important development strategy planning in the United States, the European Union, Japan and other major developed countries and some developing countries. Through analysis of Chinese current situation of the development of biological medicine and compared...

Gelam wood is a tough wood that is often used to support building structures; usually, it was nailed to merge it each other which the nailing causes injury to the wood. The purpose of this research is to determine the patterns of distribution of iron stain in gelam wood. The wood’s observation macroscopical...

Zoysia matrella has a prolonged growth rate in its cultivation, including in the nursery phase, caused by environmental conditions, such as lack of light. Therefore, in this study, an automatic Zoysia matrella nursery chamber was designed with an artificial light control system that can adapt to ambient...

This study aims to determine the effect of water hyacinth fermentation on the physical quality of the meat of Crossbred Duck (Muscovy duck male x Mojosari duck female). The material used in this study was 100 Crossbred ducks obtained from the Technical Breeding Unit, Kediri. The research method used...

Research on the biological synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using plant extracts as reducing agents is growing rapidly because they are eco-friendly and cost-effective. Diospyros maritima Blume. is one of the plant species that had potential in the biosynthesis of AgNPs. In this study, biosynthesis...

Tomato is among the most cultivated vegetable crops worldwide, and bacterial wilt (BW) caused by the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC) is the most devastating disease affecting tomato, impacting food and nutrition security in many areas. Pesticides used for controlling plant diseases are...

This study aims to analyze the financial feasibility of an integrated business pattern for laying hens and hybrid corn on a smallscale business in South Konawe Regency. The research variables are (a) investment costs; (b) fixed costs; (c) variable costs; (d) acceptance; and (e) income. The research data...

Anthropogenic disturbances due to increasing industrialization, human population, and urbanization are reducing biodiversity worldwide. Over the past decades, Indonesia has invested significant effort in reforestation to compensate for the loss of forest resources, such as through Biodiversity Park (Taman...

Many coastal communities have not yet developed the potential for processing coconut shell waste and wood cutting industry waste. Making appropriate technology that can provide solutions to problem-solving while utilizing the local potential of the region is a breakthrough that can build the people’s...

Bacterial proteases with antithrombotic activities can be used to treat cardiovascular disease (CVD), one of the leading causes of death in the world. Indonesia is known for its high marine biodiversity, including its brown seaweed varieties and their symbiotic bacteria. The high biodiversity of proteolytic...

In this study, the influence of F/M (total organic carbon (TOC)/mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS)/day) ratio in the anaerobic batch treatment method was performed on the distillation effluent of barley shochu. The operation was to add 0.7 L seed sludge, supply 0.2 L of waste liquid every day and react...

Patients will fall asleep under anesthesiology in most cases, so they will lose their consciousness to protect themselves. Therefore, the anesthetists carry on more duties to protect the patients' privacy.

An herbaceous plant is a plant group with a short, small plant and has a wet trunk because many contain water and have no wood. This research aims to inventory herbaceous plant species in three different locations and provide information uses of botanicals herbs. The results showed that the slopes area...

Spodoptera exigua is considered as one of the most important pests in shallot plant. The objective of the research was to evaluate activity of synthetic pheromone which diluted in glue (glue formulation) for monitoring the Spodoptera exigua moth populations. This research was conducted from November...

Pineapple is one of Indonesia′s leading tropical fruits distributed in both domestic and international markets. High demand for pineapple leads to the development of pineapple preservation in Indonesia. However, postharvest handling constraints that have not been optimally hampered restrict the development...

The estuary area is a semi-enclosed water body area that borders the sea but still connected to fresh water from rivers. As an area that connects between sea and rivers, the estuary is an area that threatened by human activities, including water pollution of heavy metals. Therefore, it is necessary to...

Artificial insemination in dairy cows is for improving genetic quality and replacement so that high pregnancy success is needed. This research was conducted on a smallholder farm in the Pujon sub-district, Malang Regency, Indonesia. The materials used were 100 cows, 100 in AI using a single dose of BCS...

Food traceability is increasingly important and identification of food source and its origin will give both consumers and industry players a better sense of security. The species origins of honey and edible bird's nest were identified using DNA-based method through procedures of DNA extraction, polymerase...

Astaxanthin is a carotenoid with strong antioxidant activity. The function of astaxanthin has been associated with a number of health-promoting benefits. This paper discusses the beneficial effects of astaxanthinin the prevention and treatment of human diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer,...

Forage vegetation is an important factor in supporting the success of honey bee (Apis mellifera) farming. This study aimed to analyse the types of forage vegetation used by Apis mellifera honeybees and see the relationship between the availability of forage vegetation and colony productivity. The analysis...

Ageratum conyzoides, which contains various secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, hydroquinone, tannins, and essential oils, can be used as herbicide or insecticide. The purposes of this study were to describe the effect of methanol extract of A. conyzoides leaves on mortality...

Phalaenopsis hybrid is one of the orchids that is in great demand in the horticultural market as cut and potted flowers. One of the attempt to obtain new variation flower characters in Phalaenopsis hybrids is polyploidization using colchicine. The purpose of this study was to determine the cytological...

Winged bean is a tropical vegetable crop that has the potential to be developed as legumes. The age of harvest can determine the quality of the young pod of winged bean. This study aims to determine the yield and quality of two varieties of winged bean pods with different harvest ages. The experiment...

Bacterial growth media is necessary for bacterial culture in laboratory. Bacterial growth media is sold commercially, but its distribution has not yet reached all regions. Local raw materials that have potential to fertilize the growth of microorganisms are jicama (Pachyrhizus erosus L.) and tofu. Jicama...

This study compared the Islamic-animal welfare of sacrificial animals slaughtered in the pesantren and the city mosques in Banyumas Regency during Eid al-Adha 1442 H. There were five aspects of animal welfare has been observed: transportation, shelter aspects, preparation, slaughtering, and post-slaughter...

The objectives of the assessment is to increase the development of more widespread cultivation of medicinal plant and empowering the economic comunity. The assessment is an analytical descriptive with information and primary data was gathered through various methods such as audience with key informant...

Some genes play a role in the tissue regeneration process and they have specific functions. One of them is the platelet-derived growth factors (PDGF) gene that have a role in the wound healing process because it induces cell mitosis and thereby causes cell proliferation. PDGF protein expression is thought...

One of the natural disasters that is increasing in frequency due to the phenomenon of climate change and very detrimental to agriculture is drought. Future drought events need to be known so that adaptation and mitigation can be carried to avoid large losses. The purpose of this study is to determine...

As a commodity with high adaptability to climate change, sorghum has high potency in food sustainability. Sorghum grain can be diversified to be various kinds of food products including rice sorghum instant. The heat transfer process during the drying of sorghum rice instant is an interesting factor...

In this paper, to examine the effects of elevated ozone on secondary metabolism and antioxidant capacity in soybean roots, as well as reactive oxygen species and antioxidant enzymes activity. Soybean grown in open top chambers (OTCs) were exposed to ambient air ([O3]=40nmol•mol-1) and elevated ozone...

Coronaviruses have long been a severe issue due to their capacity to mutate and infect the respiratory tract. Dendrobium orchids are the most diverse orchid species in Indonesia. Polysaccharides, bibenzyl, phenanthrene, coumarin, sesquiterpenoids, alkaloids, and steroids were among the phytochemical...

Javaen barb fish (Systomus orphoides) population was declined due to overfishing and environmental changes. Cultivation efforts have been made, but the high sperm concentration causes a decrease in fertility. Honey extender is used to dilute sperm, maintain buffer balance, and provide nutrition for sperm....

Pharmacological mechanisms of Chinese herbal prescription are complicate since it contains heterogeneous components. These mechanisms are hardly understood by traditional methodology in the mass. Here we use network pharmacology approaches to explore mechanisms of JinChaiKangBingDu Capsule (JCKBD) against...

Rubber commodities in East Kalimantan have a significant growth area. From 2008 to 2017, the rubber plantation area’s growth averaged 3.79%, with rubber production growth up to 4.88% per year. In addition to producing rubber latex, which is the main product of rubber trees, it also produced many rubber...

Beef, although a healthy source of protein, is highly perishable. The problem of decreased beef freshness is related to several processes such as the activity of various types of bacteria, biochemical reactions, and lipid oxidation. Discoloration, amino acid and fatty acid damage are the results of the...

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of turmeric powder (Curcuma domestica), a dietary supplement, on the function and relative weight of lymphoid organs, a marker of immunological status in super native chickens. 100 super native chickens in total were employed in the trial, which...

This study was designed to determine marketing channels, marketing margin, farmer share, and marketing efficiency levels of cattle marketing at the Pagak market, Malang district. The sample population is as many as 20 traders. This study uses a survey method. The results showed that there are 3 distribution...

The area of Muara Angke waters, Cituis waters in Tangerang, and Indramayu waters found various activities, such as industry, fish auction sites, and ship ports which are sources of heavy metal contamination. Pollution of heavy metals at sea due to industrial waste can disrupt marine life that lives in...

Bengkulu City is located along the west coast of Sumatra Island where most of its population work as fishermen by utilizing existing resources in the coastal and marine areas. Fishermen beside produce fishery products, they also need other food which are not produce by themselves to fulfill their daily...

An ant outbreak occurred in an area of Pageraji Village, Cilongok District, Banyumas Regency, at the end of 2020; this disrupted resident activities and caused economic losses. This preliminary study reports the composition and abundance of ground insects in the region of the ant attack. The insects...

Indonesia is the fourth largest pineapple producing country in the world. This makes a lot of pineapple exported to foreign countries including Asia, Europe, and America. The length of export shipping causes a decrease in quality which results in poor pineapple conditions in faraway countries. This problem...

Six glyphosate (GP)-degrading strains were isolated from industrial activated sludge. Among them, strain FUJX 401 showed the highest GP degradability, and was identified as Paenibacillus sp. based on morphological observation, physiological biochemical characteristics, and 16S rRNA gene-sequence analysis....

Eria is one of the most important medicinal orchid genera. The present study aimed to summarise natural compounds, pharmacological activities, and conservation of Eria to reveal the potential of the genus as bioresources for natural product-based medicines and to highlight the importance of conservation...

The Bornean orangutan (Pongo pygameus wurmbii) is a Critically Endangered large Asian primate. Reintroduction had been implemented to recover their population in the wild. The research was conducted in February-April 2021 at Lamandau Wildlife Sanctuary, aimed to identify behavior differences at the feeding...

The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed vulnerabilities in Indonesia’s complex food systems that threaten food security (including vegetables) in Indonesia. These vulnerabilities are mainly seen in the value chain’s logistics and long distribution process that got highly impacted by lockdown policy. As a...

This study aims to determine the value of Quail Day Production (QDP), Income Over Feed Cost (IOFC), and Break-Even Point (BEP) of Mrs. Anami’s Quail Business During the Covid-19 Pandemic. The material used in this study was 2,800 female quails aged 4-14 months. The method used is a survey with data obtained...

Generally the palm loose fruits (LF) that have passed the processing time are considered as solid waste. In this study, the potential of palm loose fruits (LF) will be investigated. Mechanical extraction to obtain crude palm oil (CPO) from palm loose fruits (LF) will be carried out. Before enter the...

Objective:To summarize the clinical application of ureter soft mirror. Methods:The treatment of urinary calculi includes ESWL, percutaneous nephrolithotomy, ureter soft mirror and so on , The treatment of urinary calculi with ureter soft mirror is becoming more and more widespread, and the indications...

Minapolitan is a regional-based marine and fisheries economic development plan. The plan of minapolitan has been widely adapted to various regions in Indonesia, one of which is Dumai City. Dumai City with coastal characteristics has an opportunity for Minapolitan development. Minapolitan development...

Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) and dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI) are hereditary dental disorders. AI is a developmental condition resulting in enamel defects of all or almost all teeth. The prevalence ranges from 1:700 to 1:14,000 for AI and from 1:6000 to 1:8000 for DGI. DGI is a collective of autosomal...

Heat and mass transfer occurred simultaneously during the drying process. Therefore, the drying rate of coconut palm sugar was evaluated by analyzing heat and mass transfer simultaneously using the Runge-Kutta method. In this study, three different temperatures and three various drying loads were carried...

Pregnant mothers are a nutrition-prone group. Lack of energy chronic has impacts on the fetal and toddler growth, one of it is stunting. The prevalence of stunting in rural areas are higher than those in urban. To overcome the stunting, Ministry of Agriculture through Balitbangtan has released Inpari...

The purpose of the study is to determine the age, level of education, and length of being buffalo farmers with their ability to access the information and financial supports from the government and the banks. The study has been carried out in Pemalang Regency, with the total number of 184 respondents...

Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is leading factors for blindness and impaired visual acuity in developed countries. It is importance to study the dynamic of cytokines concentration during the exudative event of AMD to contribute in the future drugs inventions. This research aims to investigate...

Black soldier fly larvae or maggot flour contains high crude fibre which makes this raw material difficult to digest. High crude fibre content so that the fermentation process can be carried out as an effort to improve the quality of maggot flour using the fungus Trichoderma viride microorganism. This...

The use of plant-based feed ingredients in aquaculture is expected to reduce feed costs. However, plant ingredients generally have a low protein content and are difficult to be digested by monogastric animals. The fermentation process is proven to increase the digestibility and nutritional value of plant...

Protein crystallography is a very critical process that limits the development of pharmaceutical engineering. Microfluidic technology has provided an opportunity for protein crystallization. In this paper, a flow-free droplet-based device is presented for producing highly controlled crystals and fabrication...

The deficiency of productive agricultural land was an obstacle in the development of edamame cultivation. The utilization of suboptimal land, especially acid dry land, is a solution for the development of edamame cultivation. South Kalimantan has acid dry land covering an area of 87.61% of the total...

This study evaluated the effects of pre-hatch thermal programming on hatching time and chick grade of crossbred chickens. A total of 200 fertile eggs were randomly distributed across four treatments, namely T0: Standard incubation at 37.5 ℃ throughout the entire 21.5-day incubation period (control),...

The annual output of soy sauce was reported to be more than 4.4 million tons in China, which would threaten the environment with its high salinity. The Bacillus in this study were isolated from soy sauce residue, which would contribute to its recycling. This study aims to investigate the external and...

Garlic is horticultural commodity which has very high economic value in Indonesia. Garlic is usually used as a cooking spice, for medicines as well as for cosmetic ingredients. However, Indonesian garlic production is very limited and only supplies at most 17.5% of domestic demand. The province of West...

Increase national maize production has not been followed by an increase in maize productivity per unit area because maize was grown on land that was not suitable with these land quality. This study aims to determine the land quality that control of local maize production. This research was conducted...

Dry rot, caused by various species of Fusarium, is one of the most important fungal storage rots affecting potatoes. Infection of tubers occurs through wounds during planting, mechanical harvesting, and grading into size bands. The research aim was to identify the fungus carried by the tuber and its...

Many waste materials are produced from manufacturing processes, service industries, and municipal solid waste, one of which is plastic waste. Plastic consumption from year to year is increasing uncontrollably. The amount of use is getting higher every year because of the high population density that...

The influence of different drying temperatures and drying loads on the drying characteristics of coarse coconut palm sap sugar were investigated in this study. The granulated coconut palm sap sugars were dried using an air-oven dryer at three temperature variations (60, 70, 80°C) and three different...

The microstructure, hydrophobicity, adhesion and chemical composition of the butterfly and moth wing surfaces were investigated by a scanning electron microscope (SEM), a contact angle meter, and a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR). Using ground calcium carbonate (heavy CaCO3) as contaminating...

Biogas is a methane-rich gas produced from microbial digestion of waste (agricultural, sewage, and landfill) which can be used for power production. The low rate of biogas production from an anaerobic digester becomes a problem in cow manure processing increasing. Biogas production is influenced by the...

Alligator gar (Atractosteus spatula) has been introduced to many places outside its native range. The fish is considered as an invasive alien species that needs to be eradicated upon encounter in Indonesia due to its aggressive behavior. Despite existing regulations in Indonesia, the fish is still bred...

A working day is a unit of labor used in calculating farming analysis and generally amounts to 8 hours in a day which has been calculated with 1 hour of rest. This study aims to determine the time allocation of family labor for the Bali cattle business with lowland rice farming, carried out in August-September...

Poplar as a woody-plant model is significant to improve the transformation efficiency of poplar. The effect of different leaf age as explants on transformation frequency was studied. The results exhibited that the higher transformation frequency was generated by 30-day-old leaf explants, compared with...

Phyllosphere bacteria were bacteria that inhabit around the leaf surface. Several studies showed the potential of phyllosphere bacteria in producing bioactive compounds, one of which is antimicrobial compounds. Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) was a plant from the Rutaceae family that was commonly...

The “tapak macan” planting system is one of the technologies that has been proven to be successful in increasing rice productivity in the Special Region of Yogyakarta to 16–17 tons/ha. The “tapak macan” is a planting system that uses three stems planted with a triangular symmetrical pattern, with the...

Black soldier fly (BSF) is increasingly recognized as a vital component of circular economy systems, facilitating organic waste recycling while producing alternative protein feed for the livestock industry. This study aimed to evaluate the growth performance of BSF larvae reared on varying ratios of...

This study aims to determine the potential of livestock resources for the development of beef cattle in Mojogedang sub-district, Karanganyar Regency. The research was conducted in June-August 2022 located in Mojogedang Sub-district, Karanganyar Regency. The data used are primary data and secondary data....

Cocoa produces a huge by-product during its processing, such as cocoa pod husk (CPH). It requires a proper material handling method to process cocoa pod husk due to its perishability, so it can be used as a food ingredient. This research purpose is to get the best way to produce high-quality cocoa pod...

The purpose of this study was to look over young farmers’ entrepreneurial behavior and attitude toward challenges in agriculture. Data collection was done through semi-structured interview. This study involved 50 young horticultural farmer respondents in 10 regencies of East Nusa Tenggara. The result...

The last report on bird identification on the UNS was in 2015 with the results of 50 bird species, while the development and reforestation processes proceeded rapidly after that. Avifauna is a collection of birds that inhabit a certain location, the wealth and abundance of which is the basis for further...

This study was carried out to compare the diversity of Nepenthaceae, Orchidaceae, and Zingiberaceae families in central Johor. The chosen locations are the Belumut Forest-Eco Park, Mo’akil Permanent Forest Reserve, and Soga-Perdana Permanent Forest Reserve, which have forest types categorized as, undisturbed...

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease caused by combined genetic and environmental factors that change the normal pathways of human immunity. SLE is potentially fatal and carries significant morbidity. The SLE patient can inherit multiple predisposing genes. T The identified SLE...

Chlorine peroxide, Sodium hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide were chosen as oxidant to prepare potato oxidized starch, and the properties of oxidized starch were determined. The results showed that carbonyl content of oxidized starch prepared by H2O2 is 0.329%, much higher than other oxidized starch...

The microstructure, wettability and chemical composition of butterfly and locust wing surfaces were investigated by a scanning electron microscope (SEM), a contact angle meter and a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR). The hydrophobicity models were established on the basis of Cassie equation....

Mangrove rehabilitation is an activity to replant mangrove ecosystems that have been damaged. This study aimed to measure the physical condition of rehabilitated mangroves, analyze the role of the government, and measure community perceptions, aspirations and actions in mangrove rehabilitation activities....

The Dayak Sampit people believe that pitcher plant is a medicine for diarrhea and gastroenteritis. This study aims to depict the ethnobotanical study of pitcher plants in the tradition of Dayak Sampit people of Singsingan Hamlet, Tehang Village, Parenggean Sub-district, Kotawaringin Timur Regency. The...

Dairy cattle are one of the livestock commodities that have a promising opportunity to make a profit. In Indonesia, many dairy farmers join milk cooperatives to market their fresh milk products. The partnership between dairy farmers and dairy cooperatives is very helpful for farmers in the process of...

The objective of this study was to identify insulin growth factor (IGF-1) gene polymorphism using PCR RFLP technique in order to improve growth evaluation. The insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) gene is a critical factor in the growth and development of goats. It influences a range of traits, including...

In the coffee bean test procedure for determining the value of defects, physical separation of defective beans is carried out. This physical test is carried out using human senses or using assistive devices. It is necessary to have a system that can perform the identification and selection process of...

CV. Eja Nursery is one of the rubber plantations located in Kutai Kartanegara District, East Kalimantan. Indonesia is the second largest rubber producer in the world. Based on the initial observations it was found that there was not ergonomic work environment at CV. Eja Nursery. Not ergonomic work environment...

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the metal elements that is often found contained in cacao plantation system. The first gate of Cd contamination is soil as medium of plant growth. The soil characteristics such as texture and pH play vital role in chemical and physical reaction in the soil that may increase mobility...

Coconut shells are widely used as an ingredient in charcoal for cooking, daily use, and also to make activated charcoal. Activated charcoal has the ability to clean and absorb dirt on the skin, but this has not been widely used. So the purpose of this research is the use of coconut shell-activated charcoal...

Indonesia, as an agricultural country, has a large amount of small ruminant population, which contributes a significant amount to national enteric CH4 emission. This study aimed to calculate enteric CH4 emission from small ruminants (sheep and goat) in Indonesia using Intergovernmental Panel on Climate...

Cassava is an important food and potential biofuel crop with starch-rich edible tuberous roots. It is tolerant to multiple abiotic stresses and can produce an acceptable yield under the adverse climatic and nutrient-poor soil. However, the molecular mechanisms of starch accumulation and the abiotic stress...